Jifunze Kiarabu
Kiarabu cha Qur’ani
عربية القرآنMasomo mafupi yaliyoandikwa yanayofundisha maneno ya Qur’ani kwa mpangilio wa jinsi inavyoyatumia zaidi, pamoja na sarufi ambayo kila aya inayofuata inahitaji.
Imeandikwa na kukaguliwa na AI
Masomo haya yameandikwa na kukaguliwa na AI, na bado hakuna mwalimu wa Kiarabu aliyeyasoma. Aya, maana zake na uchambuzi wa kila neno vimechukuliwa kutoka vyanzo vyake, ambavyo vinatajwa pale vinapoonyeshwa.
Jinsi kozi inavyofanya kazi
Kila somo linafundisha maneno matano hadi manane na jambo moja la sarufi, kwa mpangilio wa maneno ambayo Qur’ani inayatumia zaidi. Kila mfano ni aya, neno la aya, au sentensi iliyoandikwa kwa mazoezi, na kila aya inaonyeshwa pamoja na maana yake kutoka toleo ambalo lugha yako inalisoma kwanza. Kozi inafundisha lugha: haitoi fatwa, na haielezi kile ambacho aya inafundisha.
Uchambuzi wa maneno: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)
Hatua ya 0
Kusoma hati
Herufi, irabu na tahajia za msahafu wenyewe, ili kusoma aya yoyote herufi kwa herufi.
Ikiwa tayari unasoma maandishi ya Qur’ani herufi kwa herufi, unaweza kuanza katika hatua inayofuata.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 20
Somo la 1
How the script is written, and the first four letters
Arabic is written from right to left, its letters join, and dots tell many of them apart. The first four letters show all three.
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Jīm, ḥā’ and khā’
Three letters with one body, told apart by a single dot: below, none, or above.
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Dāl, dhāl, rā’, zāy and wāw
Five letters that join to the letter before them and never to the one after, so that one word can be written in more than one piece.
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Sīn, shīn, ṣād and ḍād
Two letters with three small teeth and two with a long loop, each pair told apart by its dots.
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Ṭā’, ẓā’, ʿayn and ghayn
Two letters with a loop and an upright stroke, and two whose shape changes most with their place in a word.
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Fā’, qāf, kāf and lām
Two letters with a small loop, told apart by one dot or two, and two tall letters that join forward, which is how they differ from alif.
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Mīm, nūn, hā’, yā’, and the hamzah standing alone
The last four letters of the alphabet, and the hamzah, which is written on its own and joins nothing.
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Joining, lām-alif and the stretching line
How a letter's shape follows its place in the joined piece, the one pair of letters written as a single shape, and the line that lengthens a join.
Somo la 9
Fatḥah, kasrah and ḍammah
The three short vowels are not letters but small marks above or below a letter, and a letter with one is read with that vowel after it.
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Sukūn
A small circle above a letter marks that no vowel follows it, and al-Fātiḥah has one in every verse.
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Shaddah
A small sign above a letter that stands for the letter twice over, and the vowel mark that is written with it.
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Tanwīn: fatḥatān, kasratān and ḍammatān
The three short vowels written twice at the end of a word, marking an ending said with an n sound, and the alif that follows one of them.
Somo la 13
Long vowels with alif, wāw and yā’, and the small alif
How a short vowel mark and the bare letter after it write a long vowel, and the small alif the muṣḥaf writes where a long ā is said and no alif is written.
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Maddah
The wavy sign written over an alif, a wāw or a yā’ where a long vowel meets a hamzah or a doubled letter, marking a vowel held longer.
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Hamzah and its seats
The hamzah written on an alif, a wāw or a yā’, the small hamzah carried by a stretching line, and alif with a maddah, a form other prints use.
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Tā’ marbūṭah and alif maqṣūrah
Two letters that take a shape of their own at the end of a word: a tā’ written like hā’ with two dots, and a yā’ shape without dots that stands for a long ā.
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The article, and the sun and moon letters
The alif and lām written at the front of a noun, and the two ways they are written, which depend on the letter that follows.
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Alif waṣlah
The alif with a small sign on it that begins the article and some other words in this print, and what happens to it when a word comes before it.
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The muṣḥaf’s small letters
The small wāw, yā’, nūn, mīm and sīn that the muṣḥaf writes above and below the line, and the round and the oblong circle written above an alif.
Somo la 20
The pause marks, and al-Fātiḥah letter by letter
The six pause marks written between words, the sign of a prostration, three marks that stand once each, and then the first sūrah read one letter at a time.
Hatua ya 1
Nusu ya Qur’ani
Maneno ya Qur’ani yanayotumika zaidi, na sarufi inayoyaunganisha.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 30
Somo la 1
The small words that join the next word
Five words of a letter or two that the Qur’ān writes as part of the word after them, and the two words they meet first in al-Fātiḥah.
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The pronouns that join the end of a word
The seven commonest pronouns the Qur’ān writes as part of a word, after a verb, a noun or a small word: they, you, he, we, I and she.
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From, in, on, to and about
The five commonest prepositions that the Qur’ān writes as words of their own, what happens to the word after them, and how they take a pronoun.
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No, not, indeed, except and that
The small words that deny, that give a sentence weight, and that join one sentence to another: eight of the commonest words of the Qur’ān.
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Who, which, this, that, he and they
The words that point to a person or a thing, the pronouns that stand on their own, and the letter that asks a question.
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The first verbs: said, was, made, came and knew
Five of the commonest verbs of the Qur’ān, and how a verb in its past form tells you who did the action.
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The present form of the verb, and the future
How a verb in its present form begins with a letter that tells you who acts, and how one letter in front of it makes it future.
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Every thing, between, before, then, or and when
Eight common words of the Qur’ān, and the construct: two nouns joined so that the first belongs to the second.
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Earth, sky, day, a people, nafs and people
Six of the commonest nouns of the Qur’ān, nouns that are feminine with no sign of it, and the two ways Arabic makes a plural.
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O, like, surely, and they (women)
How the Qur’ān calls someone, likens one thing to another, makes a verb certain, and speaks of women, with two nouns whose meaning is read in the verses.
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The command, and seven common verbs
Seven common verbs of the Qur’ān, and the form of a verb that tells someone to do something.
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Having: lahu, lakum and the pronouns after li and bi
How Arabic says "he has" and "for you" with li and a pronoun, and the pronouns the corpus counts apart after li and bi.
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You, we and they, and the dual
The pronouns that stand on their own as the subject of a sentence, and how Arabic speaks of two.
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Those, after, at, with, some, other than, until and below
Eight common words of the Qur’ān, most of them nouns that take the noun after them in the genitive.
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If, when and will not
The words of the Qur’ān for "if" and "when", which tell apart what happened, what will happen and what never did, and lan, "will not".
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Asking, rather, and the words that work like inna
How a question is asked, bal, "rather", the small words that, like inna, put the noun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
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Eight common verbs, and roots with a weak letter or a hamzah
Eight common verbs of the Qur’ān, and what happens to a verb whose root has a weak middle letter or a hamzah.
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The forms of a verb, the passive, and eight more verbs
Eight more common verbs, the passive, and the derived forms of a verb as the corpus marks them.
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Matter, way, heart, family, hand, knowledge, saying and night
Eight common nouns of the Qur’ān, with the dual and the broken plural on them, and a noun made from a verb.
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Words read in the verses: how they are built
Nine of the commonest words of the Qur’ān that carry the religion, given no meaning by the course, and the patterns they are built on.
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Many, few, clear: the word that describes a noun
Eight words that describe, five of them given no meaning by the course, and how such a word follows its noun.
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The one who does: the doer's noun and its plural
The noun Arabic makes for the one who does a thing, its masculine plural, and seven words built that way.
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Brother, father, owner: a case shown with a long vowel
Family words, and three nouns that show their case with a long vowel before what follows them.
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A house, the house, his house: making a noun definite
Eight nouns of the world around us, the ending that most often says a noun is not definite, and the three things that make it so.
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Threw, spent, struck: verbs of form IV
Eight of the commonest verbs of form IV, five of them given no meaning by the course, and how the form looks in the past, the present and the command.
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Verbs that end in a long vowel
Verbs whose root ends in a weak letter, how their last vowel changes, and five common ones, with three verbs that have no weak letter beside them.
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Names: one ending for two cases
Eight of the commonest names of the Qur’ān, the ending that sets many of them apart from most other nouns, and which names show it.
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She, I, which: the small words still to come
Eight small words the Qur’ān uses often, and how some of them work with a verb, a noun or what comes after them.
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Better than: saying more, with min
How Arabic compares two things, and eight common nouns with it, two of them given no meaning by the course.
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The order of a sentence, and eight words read in the verses
A verb that comes first stays singular, and eight more words that carry the religion, given no meaning by the course.
Hatua ya 2
Mizizi na mizani
Jinsi neno linavyojengwa kutoka mzizi wake, na mifumo ya vitenzi kwa mpangilio wa jinsi Qur’ani inavyoitumia zaidi.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 20
Somo la 1
The root: three letters and what is built on them
What a root is, how a family of words is built on it, and eight words from five roots, one of them given no meaning by the course.
Somo la 2
The first form: the vowels of the past and the present
Which vowels a verb of the first form takes in its past and its present, with seven common verbs.
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Form IV again: its doer's noun and its verbal noun
Two of the nouns built on verbs of form IV, and eight words of the form, four of them given no meaning by the course.
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Form II: the middle letter doubled
Form II of the verb, in its past, its present and its verbal noun, with eight common verbs, one of them given no meaning by the course.
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Form VIII: a t after the first letter
Form VIII of the verb, its present and its command, with eight common verbs, three of them given no meaning by the course.
Hatua ya 3
Kusoma Qur’ani
Usomaji unaoongozwa, kuanzia sura fupi hadi vifungu vinavyosomwa zaidi.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 40
Inaandikwa
Hatua ya 4
Kusoma hadithi
Maneno ya mnyororo wa wapokezi, na kusoma riwaya katika mikusanyo ya hadithi.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 15
Inaandikwa
Hatua ya 5
Kusoma Uislamu kwa Kiarabu
Maneno ya ibada, na kusoma tafsīr fupi na maelezo ya hadithi kwa Kiarabu.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 15
Inaandikwa
Hatua ya 6
Kuzungumza Kiarabu
Mazungumzo yaliyoandikwa kwa Kiarabu fasaha (fuṣḥā), kwa ajili ya msikiti, safari, na Umra na Hija.
Masomo yaliyopangwa: 25
Inaandikwa