O, like, surely, and they (women)
How the Qur’ān calls someone, likens one thing to another, makes a verb certain, and speaks of women, with two nouns whose meaning is read in the verses.
Imeandikwa na kukaguliwa na AI
Masomo haya yameandikwa na kukaguliwa na AI, na bado hakuna mwalimu wa Kiarabu aliyeyasoma. Aya, maana zake na uchambuzi wa kila neno vimechukuliwa kutoka vyanzo vyake, ambavyo vinatajwa pale vinapoonyeshwa.
Somo hili limeandikwa kwa Kiingereza na Kibengali tu, kwa hiyo linaonyeshwa hapa kwa Kiingereza.
- Maneno ya Qur’ani yanayojulikana kikamilifu
- 42.5%
- Sehemu za maneno ya Qur’ani zilizofundishwa hadi sasa
- 65%
Yamehesabiwa kutoka Quranic Arabic Corpus: neno linajulikana kikamilifu kila sehemu yake ikishafundishwa. Hesabu hizi zinaonyesha maneno uliyokutana nayo, si kiasi unachoelewa.
This lesson teaches four small parts that join a word, each with its own work, and two nouns, kitāb and al-ḥaqq. Both carry the religion in the Qur’ān's use of them: the course gives no meaning of its own for either, and you read them in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them.
The new words
- يَٰٓKama Qur’ani inavyoliandika: يَٰٓ · يَٰ · يَ
O (calling someone)
Mara katika Qur’ani: 361
- كَ
like, as
Mara katika Qur’ani: 295
- نَّKama Qur’ani inavyoliandika: نَّ · نِّ · ا
surely (joined to the end of a verb)
Mara katika Qur’ani: 243
- هُنَّKama Qur’ani inavyoliandika: هُنَّ · نَ · هِنَّ
they, them, their (women, or things called feminine)
Mara katika Qur’ani: 267
- كِتَٰبKama Qur’ani inavyoliandika: كِتَٰبِ · كِتَٰبَ · كِتَٰبٍ
Hakuna maana inayotolewa hapa: neno hili linabeba dini, na maana yake husomwa katika aya, pamoja na maana iliyo kando yake.
Mzizi: ك ت بMara katika Qur’ani: 260
- حَقّKama Qur’ani inavyoliandika: حَقِّ · حَقُّ · حَقَّ
Hakuna maana inayotolewa hapa: neno hili linabeba dini, na maana yake husomwa katika aya, pamoja na maana iliyo kando yake.
Mzizi: ح ق قMara katika Qur’ani: 247
Calling: O
Yā, "O", stands before the one called. The Qur’ān's spelling joins it to the front of that word, and it is often followed by ayyuhā.
- يَٰٓO (calling someone)
- أَيُّهَاsaid after "O" before a noun with al-
The corpus divides yā-ayyuhā into yā, which it marks as a particle of calling, and ayyuhā.
Like
Ka-, "like", is joined to the front of its noun, and the noun takes the genitive ending, as after a preposition.
- كَlike, as
- ٱلْthe
- فَرَاشِ
Ka-l-farāshi is ka, "like", then al-, then farāsh, in the genitive. The last lesson's verse had this word.
Surely: -nna
A verb can be made certain by la- in front and -nna at the end.
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- تَرَوُsee (raʾā: he saw)
- نَّsurely (joined to the end of a verb)
La-tarawunna is la, the lām of the first lesson in its use as "surely", then tarawu, "you see", the present of raʾā, then -nna. The corpus marks both la- and -nna as emphasis: "you will surely see".
They, women
-na and -hunna are "they" and "them" for women, and for things the language calls feminine. After an i, -hunna is written -hinna, as -hum becomes -him.
- فَso, then, and so
- أَثَرْ
- نَthey, them, their (women, or things called feminine)
The corpus divides off the -na at the end of this verb as the pronoun of the feminine plural: it is the doer.
In a sentence
Boy, this is your book.
This sentence was written for practice. Yā waladu, "O boy": the one called is one particular boy, named by a noun with no al-, and that noun ends in u, with no n. Everyday spelling writes yā as a word of its own. Kitābuka is kitāb with ka, "your". Here kitāb is an everyday book; in the Qur’ān its meaning is read from the verse.
Reading
Maneno unayoyajua kikamilifu baada ya somo hili yamewekewa alama.
Akasema: Haki! Na haki ninaisema.
Swahili Translation - Rowad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.5Ni wa Mwenyezi Mungu ufalme wa mbingu na ardhi na vilivyo ndani yake. Naye ni Muweza mno wa kila kitu.
Swahili Translation - Rowad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.5Basi leo nafsi yoyote haitadhulumiwa kitu, wala hamtalipwa isipokuwa yale mliyokuwa mkiyatenda.
Swahili Translation - Rowad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.5Recall
- What does the corpus call yā?
- What ending does a noun take after ka-?
- Which two parts make la-tarawunna certain?
Answers: a particle of calling; the genitive; la- at the front and -nna at the end.
Next
The next lesson teaches the command: the form of a verb that tells someone to do something.
Uchambuzi wa maneno: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)