Words read in the verses: how they are built
Nine of the commonest words of the Qur’ān that carry the religion, given no meaning by the course, and the patterns they are built on.
AI ne ya rubuta kuma ya duba
AI ne ya rubuta waɗannan darussa kuma ya duba su, kuma har yanzu babu wani malamin Larabci da ya karanta su. Ayoyin, da ma’anoninsu da nazarin kowace kalma an ɗauko su daga tushensu, waɗanda aka ambata a inda aka nuna su.
An rubuta wannan darasi da Turanci da Bengali kawai, don haka ana nuna shi a nan da Turanci.
- Kalmomin Alƙur’ani da aka sani gaba ɗaya
- 57.3%
- Sassan kalmomin Alƙur’ani da aka koyar zuwa yanzu
- 74.1%
An ƙidaya daga Quranic Arabic Corpus: an san kalma gaba ɗaya idan an koyar da kowane sashe nata. Ƙididdigar tana faɗin kalmomin da kuka haɗu da su, ba yawan abin da kuka fahimta ba.
Some of the commonest words of the Qur’ān carry the religion, and the course gives no meaning of its own for them: you read their meaning in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them. This lesson teaches nine of them all the same, for what can be taught without a meaning: their letters, their roots, and the patterns they are built on. Knowing them, you will recognise many more words of the Qur’ān whole.
The new words
- رَبّYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: رَبِّ · رَبَّ · رَبُّ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ر ب بAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 975
- ءَامَنَYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: ءَامَنُ · يُؤْمِنُ · ءَامَنَ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ا م نAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 537
- مُؤْمِنYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: مُؤْمِنِينَ · مُؤْمِنُونَ · مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ا م نAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 202
- كَفَرَYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: كَفَرُ · يَكْفُرُ · تَكْفُرُ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ك ف رAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 289
- ءَايَةYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: ءَايَٰتِ · ـَٔايَٰتِ · ءَايَةً
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ا ي يAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 382
- رَسُولYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: رَسُولِ · رَسُولَ · رَسُولُ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ر س لAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 332
- عَذَابYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: عَذَابٌ · عَذَابِ · عَذَابَ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ع ذ بAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 322
- جَنَّةYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: جَنَّٰتٍ · جَنَّةِ · جَنَّةَ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ج ن نAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 147
- نَارYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: نَّارِ · نَّارُ · نَارًا
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ن و رAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 145
None of these words has a meaning in the table. That is not a gap in the lesson: it is the rule the course keeps.
A verb and its doer
A verb has a noun for the one who does it. Grammar calls it the active participle. For a verb of form IV, as of every form after the first, it begins with mu-.
- ءَامَنُ
- وا۟they (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Āmanū is the past of āmana with ū, "they", from lesson 2. The corpus marks āmana as form IV, from the root ʾ-m-n: form IV puts a- in front of the root, as in akhraja from lesson 18, and here the root's first letter is a hamzah, so aʾ- is said ā-.
- بِwith, by, in
- ٱلْthe
- مُؤْمِنِينَ
Bi-l-muʾminīna is bi, then al-, then muʾminīna. The corpus marks muʾmin as the active participle of form IV, from the same root as āmana, and muʾminīna masculine plural, in the genitive.
The masculine plural
A masculine plural that adds an ending adds -ūna in the nominative and -īna in the genitive and accusative: muʾminūna, muʾminīna.
- كَفَرُ
- وا۟they (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Kafarū is kafara with ū, "they": a verb of the first form, with the doer joined at its end as in lesson 6.
Words with a pronoun
- رَّبِّ
- كَyou, your (one man)
Rabbika is rabb, in the genitive, and ka, "your". The corpus marks rabb masculine.
- بِwith, by, in
- ـَٔايَٰتِ
- نَاwe (as the doer of a verb); us, our
Bi-āyātinā is bi, then āyāt, the feminine plural of āyah with -āt from lesson 9, then nā, "our".
Reading
An sa alama a kan kalmomin da kuka sani gaba ɗaya bayan wannan darasi.
Kuma baicinsu akwai waɗansu gidãjen Aljanna biyu.
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2"Lalle ni, nã yi ĩmãni da Ubangijinku, sabõda haka ku saurãre ni."
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2To, mẽ ya sãme su, ba su yin ĩmãni?
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2Recall
- What does the active participle of a form IV verb begin with?
- What is the masculine plural ending in the genitive?
- What plural does āyah take?
Answers: mu-; -īna; the feminine plural, āyāt.
Next
The next lesson teaches the word that describes a noun, and how it follows the noun.
Nazarin kalmomi: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)