If, when and will not
The words of the Qur’ān for "if" and "when", which tell apart what happened, what will happen and what never did, and lan, "will not".
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- Kata Al-Qur’an yang dikenal utuh
- 48,3%
- Bagian kata Al-Qur’an yang sudah diajarkan
- 68,7%
Dihitung dari Quranic Arabic Corpus: sebuah kata dikenal utuh bila setiap bagiannya sudah diajarkan. Angka-angka ini menunjukkan kata-kata yang sudah Anda temui, bukan seberapa banyak yang Anda pahami.
English has one "if" and one "when". Arabic has several, and each says something about time: whether a thing has happened, will happen, or did not happen at all. Lesson 4 taught in, "if", and lesson 8 idhā, "when", most often of what is to come. This lesson teaches the others.
The new words
- لَوSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: لَوْ · لَّوْ · لَوِ
if (of what did not or will not happen)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 201
- لَوْلَآSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: لَوْلَا · لَوْلَآ · لَّوْلَا
if it were not for; why not
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 75
- إِذSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: إِذْ · إِذِ · إِذ
when (of what has happened)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 239
- لَمَّاSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: لَمَّا · لَمَّآ · لَّمَّا
when (once it had happened)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 156
- يَوْمَئِذSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: يَوْمَئِذٍ · يَوْمَئِذٍۭ · يَوْمِئِذٍ
on that day
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 70
- لَنSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: لَن · لَّن · لَنْ
will not (before a present verb)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 106
If it were so
Law is "if", of what is not so, or of what did not happen.
- لَوْif (of what did not or will not happen)
The corpus marks law as a word of condition.
Lawlā is law with lā: "if it were not for", and, before a verb, "why not?".
When it happened
Idh is "when", of what has happened.
- إِذْwhen (of what has happened)
The corpus marks idh as a word of time. Lammā before a past verb is also "when", once a thing had happened. Before a present verb, lammā is "not yet"; the corpus most often counts that lammā with lam, from lesson 4, and not as this word.
On that day
- يَوْمَئِذٍon that day
Yawmaʾidhin is yawma, "on the day", from lesson 9, with idh, which takes -in here, written as one word with it: "on that day". The corpus keeps it as one word of time.
Will not
Lan stands before a verb in its present form and denies the future: "will not". The verb after it ends in a, the subjunctive; a verb that ends in -ūna loses its -na.
- لَّنwill not (before a present verb)
In a sentence
I will not go.
This sentence was written for practice. Lan adhhaba: "I will not go". Adhhabu, "I go", ends in a after lan.
Reading
Kata-kata yang Anda kenal utuh setelah pelajaran ini ditandai.
64. Milik-Nyalah apa yang ada di langit dan apa yang ada di bumi. Dan Allah benar-benar Mahakaya, Maha terpuji.
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.311. Dan apabila dikatakan kepada mereka, “Janganlah berbuat kerusakan di bumi!” Mereka menjawab, “Sesungguhnya kami justru orang-orang yang melakukan perbaikan.”[11]
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.350. Sungguh, orang-orang yang sebelum mereka pun telah mengatakan hal itu, maka tidak berguna lagi bagi mereka apa yang dahulu mereka kerjakan.
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.3Recall
- Which "when" is for what has happened?
- What does lan deny?
- What is yawmaʾidhin made of?
Answers: idh; the future, "will not"; yawma, "on the day", and idh.
Next
The next lesson teaches how a question is asked, bal, "rather", and the words that work like inna.
Analisis kata: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)