O, like, surely, and they (women)
How the Qur’ān calls someone, likens one thing to another, makes a verb certain, and speaks of women, with two nouns whose meaning is read in the verses.
AI ne ya rubuta kuma ya duba
AI ne ya rubuta waɗannan darussa kuma ya duba su, kuma har yanzu babu wani malamin Larabci da ya karanta su. Ayoyin, da ma’anoninsu da nazarin kowace kalma an ɗauko su daga tushensu, waɗanda aka ambata a inda aka nuna su.
An rubuta wannan darasi da Turanci da Bengali kawai, don haka ana nuna shi a nan da Turanci.
- Kalmomin Alƙur’ani da aka sani gaba ɗaya
- 42.5%
- Sassan kalmomin Alƙur’ani da aka koyar zuwa yanzu
- 65%
An ƙidaya daga Quranic Arabic Corpus: an san kalma gaba ɗaya idan an koyar da kowane sashe nata. Ƙididdigar tana faɗin kalmomin da kuka haɗu da su, ba yawan abin da kuka fahimta ba.
This lesson teaches four small parts that join a word, each with its own work, and two nouns, kitāb and al-ḥaqq. Both carry the religion in the Qur’ān's use of them: the course gives no meaning of its own for either, and you read them in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them.
The new words
- يَٰٓYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: يَٰٓ · يَٰ · يَ
O (calling someone)
Adadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 361
- كَ
like, as
Adadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 295
- نَّYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: نَّ · نِّ · ا
surely (joined to the end of a verb)
Adadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 243
- هُنَّYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: هُنَّ · نَ · هِنَّ
they, them, their (women, or things called feminine)
Adadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 267
- كِتَٰبYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: كِتَٰبِ · كِتَٰبَ · كِتَٰبٍ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ك ت بAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 260
- حَقّYadda Alƙur’ani ke rubuta ta: حَقِّ · حَقُّ · حَقَّ
Ba a ba da ma’ana a nan ba: wannan kalma tana ɗauke da addini, kuma ana karanta ma’anarta a cikin ayoyi, tare da ma’ana a gefensu.
Tushe: ح ق قAdadin fitowarta a Alƙur’ani: 247
Calling: O
Yā, "O", stands before the one called. The Qur’ān's spelling joins it to the front of that word, and it is often followed by ayyuhā.
- يَٰٓO (calling someone)
- أَيُّهَاsaid after "O" before a noun with al-
The corpus divides yā-ayyuhā into yā, which it marks as a particle of calling, and ayyuhā.
Like
Ka-, "like", is joined to the front of its noun, and the noun takes the genitive ending, as after a preposition.
- كَlike, as
- ٱلْthe
- فَرَاشِ
Ka-l-farāshi is ka, "like", then al-, then farāsh, in the genitive. The last lesson's verse had this word.
Surely: -nna
A verb can be made certain by la- in front and -nna at the end.
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- تَرَوُsee (raʾā: he saw)
- نَّsurely (joined to the end of a verb)
La-tarawunna is la, the lām of the first lesson in its use as "surely", then tarawu, "you see", the present of raʾā, then -nna. The corpus marks both la- and -nna as emphasis: "you will surely see".
They, women
-na and -hunna are "they" and "them" for women, and for things the language calls feminine. After an i, -hunna is written -hinna, as -hum becomes -him.
- فَso, then, and so
- أَثَرْ
- نَthey, them, their (women, or things called feminine)
The corpus divides off the -na at the end of this verb as the pronoun of the feminine plural: it is the doer.
In a sentence
Boy, this is your book.
This sentence was written for practice. Yā waladu, "O boy": the one called is one particular boy, named by a noun with no al-, and that noun ends in u, with no n. Everyday spelling writes yā as a word of its own. Kitābuka is kitāb with ka, "your". Here kitāb is an everyday book; in the Qur’ān its meaning is read from the verse.
Reading
An sa alama a kan kalmomin da kuka sani gaba ɗaya bayan wannan darasi.
(Allah) Ya ce, "To, (wannan magana ita ce) gaskiya. Kuma gaskiya Nake faɗa."
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2Allah ne da mallakar sammai da ƙasa da abin da ke a cikinsu kuma shi, a kan dukkan kõme Mai ĩkon yi ne.
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2To, a yau, bã zã a zãlunci wani rai da kõme ba. Kuma bã zã a sãkã muku ba fãce da abin da kuka kasance kunã aikatãwa.
Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi · QuranEnc.com · version 1.2.2Recall
- What does the corpus call yā?
- What ending does a noun take after ka-?
- Which two parts make la-tarawunna certain?
Answers: a particle of calling; the genitive; la- at the front and -nna at the end.
Next
The next lesson teaches the command: the form of a verb that tells someone to do something.
Nazarin kalmomi: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)