Having: lahu, lakum and the pronouns after li and bi
How Arabic says "he has" and "for you" with li and a pronoun, and the pronouns the corpus counts apart after li and bi.
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- Kata Al-Qur’an yang dikenal utuh
- 44,8%
- Bagian kata Al-Qur’an yang sudah diajarkan
- 66,4%
Dihitung dari Quranic Arabic Corpus: sebuah kata dikenal utuh bila setiap bagiannya sudah diajarkan. Angka-angka ini menunjukkan kata-kata yang sudah Anda temui, bukan seberapa banyak yang Anda pahami.
Arabic most often says "have" with no verb. It says that a thing is "for" someone, with li and a pronoun: lahu is "for him", and so "he has". This lesson teaches that, and the pronouns as the corpus writes them after li and bi.
The new words
- كُمْSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: كُمْ
you, your (more than two)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 262
- هُۥSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: هُۥ
him, it (lahu: to him, he has)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 232
- هِۦSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: هِۦ
him, it (bihi: with it, in it)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 261
- هُمُSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: هُمُ
they, them
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 132
- هَاSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: هَا
her, it (a thing called feminine)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 110
- نَاSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: نَا
us
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 70
- كُمSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: كُم
you, your (more than two)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 80
- كَSebagaimana ditulis Al-Qur’an: كَ
you (one man)
Kemunculan dalam Al-Qur’an: 80
These are the pronouns of the second lesson. After li and bi, and in a few other places, the corpus writes the pronoun as a word of its own rather than as a part joined to the end, and names it by its spelling. So the table counts them apart: -kum after la- is here, and -kum after a noun was in lesson 2. Humu is the one that is more than that: it is "they" or "them" with u on its m, most often before al-, and it stands after li less often than it stands on its own, as hum, "they", of lesson 5 does.
Li with a pronoun
Before a pronoun, li is said la, except before -ī, "me", where it stays lī.
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- هُۥhim, it (lahu: to him, he has)
Lahu is la and hu, "him". In the corpus's spelling hu is written with a small wāw that lengthens its vowel.
- لَّfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- كُمْyou, your (more than two)
Lakum is la and kum, "you", more than two: "for you".
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- هَاher, it (a thing called feminine)
Lahā is la and hā, "her" or "it", for a thing called feminine.
Bi with a pronoun
- بِwith, by, in
- هِۦhim, it (bihi: with it, in it)
Bihi is bi and hi, "him" or "it": "with it" or "by it". After i, the pronoun hu is said hi, as hum is said him.
In a sentence
You have a book.
This sentence was written for practice. Laka kitābun: "for you", laka, then "a book", with -un because it is not definite: "you have a book".
Reading
Kata-kata yang Anda kenal utuh setelah pelajaran ini ditandai.
26. Dan milik-Nya apa yang ada di langit dan bumi. Semuanya hanya kepada-Nya tunduk.
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.3100. Mereka merintih dan menjerit di dalamnya (neraka), dan mereka di dalamnya tidak dapat mendengar.
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.349. Tetapi, jika kebenaran di pihak mereka, mereka datang kepadanya (Rasul) dengan patuh.
Indonesian Translation - Sabiq Company · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.3Recall
- How does Arabic say "he has"?
- How is li said before a pronoun?
- Why is it bihi and not bihu?
Answers: lahu, "for him"; la, but lī before -ī; after i, hu is said hi.
Next
The next lesson teaches the pronouns that stand on their own, "you", "we" and "they", and the dual: two people or things.
Analisis kata: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)