The pronouns that join the end of a word
The seven commonest pronouns the Qur’ān writes as part of a word, after a verb, a noun or a small word: they, you, he, we, I and she.
एआई ने लिखा और जाँचा है
ये सबक़ एआई ने लिखे और एआई ने ही जाँचे हैं, और अभी तक अरबी के किसी उस्ताद ने इन्हें नहीं पढ़ा है। आयतें, उनके मतलब और हर लफ़्ज़ का विश्लेषण अपने-अपने स्रोतों से लिए गए हैं, जिनके नाम वहीं दिए गए हैं जहाँ वे दिखाए जाते हैं।
यह सबक़ सिर्फ़ अंग्रेज़ी और बांग्ला में लिखा गया है, इसलिए यहाँ अंग्रेज़ी में दिखाया गया है।
- क़ुरआन के वे अल्फ़ाज़ जो पूरे मालूम हैं
- 3.5%
- अब तक सिखाए गए क़ुरआन के अल्फ़ाज़ के हिस्से
- 39.6%
Quranic Arabic Corpus से गिना गया: कोई लफ़्ज़ तब पूरा मालूम माना जाता है जब उसका हर हिस्सा सिखाया जा चुका हो। ये गिनतियाँ बताती हैं कि आप किन अल्फ़ाज़ से मिल चुके हैं, यह नहीं कि आप कितना समझते हैं।
The last lesson's words join the front of a word. This lesson's join its end. They are pronouns, the words for "they", "you", "he", "we", "I" and "she", and the Qur’ān writes them as part of the word before them.
Two of them, "they" and "you" for more than one, are among the five commonest parts of the Qur’ān's words, and "he" is among the ten commonest. With the last lesson's words, they are much of what holds a sentence together.
The new words
- وا۟जैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: وا۟ · ونَ · هُمْ
they (as the doer of a verb); them, their
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 7366
- كُمْजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: كُمْ · وا۟ · ونَ
you, your (more than two)
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 4645
- هُۥजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: هُۥ · هُ · هِ
him, his; it, its
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 2727
- نَاजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: نَا · نَٰ · نَآ
we (as the doer of a verb); us, our
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 2347
- كَजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: كَ · تَ · تَّ
you, your (one man)
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 1300
- ىजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: ى · تُ · نِى
me, my; I (as the doer of a verb)
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 1239
- هَاजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: هَا · هَآ
her; it, its (for a word that is feminine)
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 1062
The corpus names each pronoun by three things: its person (the speaker, the one spoken to, or someone else), its gender and its number, in that order. "3MP" is third person, masculine, plural: "they", "them", "their". The table shows the ways the Qur’ān writes each one: a pronoun can take one shape when it is the one who does a verb's action, and another when the action is done to it or when it follows a noun.
Joined to a verb
A pronoun joined to a verb can be the one who does the action, or the one it is done to.
- أَعْطَيْ
- نَٰwe (as the doer of a verb); us, our
- كَyou, your (one man)
This one word has three parts: a verb, aʿṭā, then nā, "we", the ones who give, and then ka, "you", the one given to. In Arabic a whole sentence can be one written word.
- ٱهْدِ
- نَاwe (as the doer of a verb); us, our
Here nā is joined to a verb in the imperative, the form that tells or asks someone to do something, and it is the one the action is done to: "us".
Joined to a small word
A pronoun can also join the small words of the next lesson, the words for "in", "on" and "to".
- فِيin, about
- هِhim, his; it, its
Fīhi is fī, "in", and hi, "it": "in it". The corpus calls this pronoun third person, masculine, singular, the same pronoun as "his" and "him".
- عَلَيْon, upon, over, against
- هِمْthey (as the doer of a verb); them, their
ʿAlayhim is ʿalā, "on", and him, "them". This pronoun is written hum or him by the sound before it; both are the same pronoun.
Joined to a noun
Joined to a noun, a pronoun says whose it is: "his", "our", "my".
Our house is near.
This sentence was written for practice. Baytunā is bayt, "house", and nā, "our".
Reading
इस सबक़ के बाद जो अल्फ़ाज़ आप पूरे जानते हैं, उन पर निशान लगा है।
(नहीं, ऐसा नहीं है) क्योंकि आख़िरत और दुनिया अल्लाह ही के अधिकार में है।
Hindi Translation - Azizul Haq Al-Omari · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.5अतः अल्लाह को सजदा करो और उसी की इबादत[18] करो।
Hindi Translation - Azizul Haq Al-Omari · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.5Recall
- In the word aʿṭaynāka, which part is "we" and which is "you"?
- What does "3MP" stand for?
- In fīhi, what is hi?
Answers: nā is "we" and ka is "you"; third person, masculine, plural; the pronoun "it" (third person, masculine, singular), joined to fī.
Next
The next lesson teaches the small words of place and direction: "from", "in", "on", "to" and "about".
अल्फ़ाज़ का विश्लेषण: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)