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Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a boy was murdered, and ‘Umar said: If all the people of Sanaa took part in it, I would kill them all

عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما أنَّ غلامًا قُتل غِيلَةً، فقال عمر رضي الله عنه : «لو اشْتَرَكَ فيها أهْلُ صَنْعاء لَقَتَلْتُهم».
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a boy was murdered, so ‘Umar said: "If all the people of Sanaa took part in murder I would kill them all."
Narrated by BukhariGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation

During the time of ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) a group of five or seven people killed a boy inadvertently. ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered that they should all be killed. He did so, confirming the obligation of killing a group of people if they have collaborated in the killing of one person. He said that if all the people of Sanaa had killed one person, he would order them all to be killed. The Companions and jurists have agreed on this ruling, in order that refraining from effectuating retribution would not lead to more collaboration in blood-shedding. ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned Sanaa in particular, either because the boy’s killers were from there or because the Arabs used to mention the name of Sanaa when referring to huge numbers of inhabitants.

Reference

- صحيح البخاري، تأليف: محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، الناشر: دار طوق النجاة الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ. - توضيح الأحكام مِن بلوغ المرام، تأليف: عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن بن صالح البسام، الناشر: مكتبة الأسدي، مكة المكرّمة الطبعة: الخامِسَة، 1423 هـ - 2003 م. - مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، لعلي بن سلطان الملا الهروي القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، بيروت – لبنان، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ - 2002م. - البدرُ التمام شرح بلوغ المرام, الحسين بن محمد بن سعيد اللاعيّ، المعروف بالمَغرِبي, المحقق: علي بن عبد الله الزبن, الناشر: دار هجر, الطبعة: الأولى -1424 هـ - 2003 م. - فتح ذي الجلال والإكرام شرح بلوغ المرام لمحمد بن صالح بن محمد العثيمين، تحقيق: صبحي بن محمد رمضان، وأُم إسراء بنت عرفة، ط1، المكتبة الإسلامية، مصر، 1427هـ. - بلوغ المرام من أدلة الأحكام، لابن حجر، دار القبس للنشر والتوزيع، الرياض - المملكة العربية السعودية. الطبعة: الأولى، 1435 هـ - 2014 م.

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