عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنه مرفوعًا: «من باع نخلًا قد أُبِّرَتْ فَثَمَرُهَا للبائع، إلا أن يشترط المُبْتَاعُ».
وفي رواية: «ومن ابْتَاعَ عبدا فمالُه للذي باعه إلا أن يشترط المُبْتَاعُ».
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
In another narration: "And if someone buys a slave, his property is for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
He determined that pollination and its fruits belong to the seller, for he is the one who did the work that was required for this. However, if the buyer stipulates that the fruits shall be for him, though the palm trees have been pollinated, and the seller agrees, then they should abide by this condition. The same applies to a slave who is granted some property by his master. If his master sells him, the property shall go back to the seller, for it is not covered by the sales contract. However, if the buyer stipulates that he shall take all or part of the slave's property, this shall be part of the contract.
Reference
تأسيس الأحكام، للنجمي، ط2، دار علماء السلف، 1414هـ.
تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام، حققه وعلق عليه وخرج أحاديثه وصنع فهارسه: محمد صبحي بن حسن حلاق، ط10، مكتبة الصحابة، الإمارات، مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، 1426هـ.
عمدة الأحكام من كلام خير الأنام صلى الله عليه وسلم، لعبد الغني المقدسي، دراسة وتحقيق: محمود الأرناؤوط، مراجعة وتقديم: عبد القادر الأرناؤوط، ط2، دار الثقافة العربية، دمشق ، بيروت، مؤسسة قرطبة، 1408 هـ.
الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري، ط دار الفكر بدمشق، الطبعة الأولى.
صحيح البخاري، دار طوق النجاة، ط 1422هـ.
صحيح مسلم، ط دار إحياء التراث العربي، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي.
عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما : «أنه كان يسير على جمل فأعيا، فأراد أن يُسَيِّبَهُ. فلحقني النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فدعا لي، وضربه، فسار سيرا لم يَسِرْ مثله. ثم قال: بِعْنِيهِ بأُوقية. قلتُ: لا. ثم قال: بِعْنِيه. فَبِعْتُهُ بأوقية، واستثنيت حُمْلَانَهُ إلى أهلي. فلما بلغت: أتيته بالجمل. فنقدني ثمنه. ثم رجعت. فأرسل في إثري. فقال: أتَرَانِي مَاكستُكَ لآخذ جملك؟ خذ جملك ودراهمك، فهو لك».
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was traveling on a camel and it got exhausted, and I decided to release it. However, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) caught up with me, supplicated for me, and struck it. Thereupon, it started to walk like never before. Then, he said: "Sell it to me for an ounce." I said: ‘No.’ He again said: "Sell it to me." So, I sold it to him for an ounce, but made the stipulation that I should be allowed to ride it back to my family. Then, when I reached home, I took the camel to him and he paid me its price on the spot. As I went back, he sent someone after me and said: "Do you think I bargained with you to take your camel? Take your camel and your dirhams; these are yours."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) was with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in one of his battles. He was riding a camel that became too fatigued to keep up with the rest of the army. Jābir decided to release it and let it run away, given its lack of usefulness. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) out of his mercy towards his Companions and followers, used to walk at the rear of the army, so as to care for those who are weak, helpless, or stranded. So, he reached Jābir while he was still on his exhausted camel. He supplicated for him and tapped his camel. Thereupon, his mild and merciful strike turned into power and support for the weak animal, and it started to walk faster and more vigorously than ever before. Then, seeking to make Jābir pleased and content and to engage him in a talk that would make the journey easier for him, the kind and gentle Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “Sell it to me for an ounce.” Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) desired more of the bounty of Allah, knowing that he would not be sinful if he refused to sell the camel to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) as this does not fall under the obligatory obedience to him. Nonetheless, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) repeated his request, and so Jābir sold it to him for an ounce on condition that he should ride it back to Madīnah. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) accepted his condition. When they arrived, Jābir took the camel to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and gave it to him for the price they had agreed upon. When Jābir went away, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sent someone to call him back. He returned to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who said: “Do you think I bargained with you to take your camel? Take your camel and your dirhams; these are yours", meaning: both are for you. This act should not be regarded as strange, as it came from the generous, well-mannered, and gentle Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).
Reference
- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ.
- صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ.
- الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه.
- تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه.