Ar-Rahmaan
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ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنُ 1
{ الرحمن } الله تعالى.
The Compassionate One, God, exalted be He,
عَلَّمَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ 2
{ علم } من شاء { القرءان }.
has taught, whomever He will, the Qur’ān.
خَلَقَ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ 3
{ خلق الإنسن } أي الجنس.
He created man, the species [mankind],
عَلَّمَهُ ٱلْبَيَانَ 4
{ علمه البيان } النطق.
teaching him the [coherent] speech, utterance.
ٱلشَّمْسُ وَٱلْقَمَرُ بِحُسْبَانٍ 5
{ الشمس والقمر بحسبان } يجريان.
The sun and the moon follow a reckoning, they move according to a [strict] calculation,
وَٱلنَّجْمُ وَٱلشَّجَرُ يَسْجُدَانِ 6
{ والنجم } ما لا ساق له من النبات { والشجر } ما له ساق { يسجدان } يخضعان بما يراد منهما.
and the grass, all stalkless vegetation, and the trees, that [vegetation] which possesses stalk, prostrate, comply with what is required of them.
وَٱلسَّمَآءَ رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ ٱلْمِيزَانَ 7
{ والسماء رفعها ووضع الميزان } أثبت العدل.
And He has raised the heaven and set up the balance, He has established justice,
أَلَّا تَطْغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْمِيزَانِ 8
{ ألا تطغوا } أي لأجل أن لا تجوروا { فى الميزان } ما يوزن به.
[declaring] that you should not contravene, that is to say, so that you may not do wrong, with regard to the balance, that [instrument] with which one weighs.
وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلْوَزْنَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَلَا تُخْسِرُوا۟ ٱلْمِيزَانَ 9
{ وأقيموا الوزن بالقسط } بالعدل { ولا تخسروا الميزان } تنقصوا الموزون.
And observe the weights with justice, fairly, and do not skimp the balance, [do not] decrease [the value of] what is being weighed.
وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلْأَنَامِ 10
{ والأرض وضعها } أثبتها { للأنام } للخلق الإنس والجن وغيرهم.
And the earth, He placed it, He fixed it [in place], for [all] creatures: man, jinn and others.
فِيهَا فَـٰكِهَةٌ وَٱلنَّخْلُ ذَاتُ ٱلْأَكْمَامِ 11
{ فيها فكهة والنخل } المعهود { ذات الأكمام } أوعية طلعها.
In it are fruits and, the familiar, date-palms with sheaths, the spathes containing its flowers,
وَٱلْحَبُّ ذُو ٱلْعَصْفِ وَٱلرَّيْحَانُ 12
{ والحب } كالحنطة والشعير { ذو العصف } التبن { والريحان } الورق أو المشموم.
and grain, such as wheat and barley, with husk, and fragrant herb.