Asking, rather, and the words that work like inna
How a question is asked, bal, "rather", the small words that, like inna, put the noun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
Écrit et vérifié par l’IA
Ces leçons ont été écrites et vérifiées par l’IA, et aucun professeur d’arabe ne les a encore lues. Les versets, leurs sens et l’analyse de chaque mot sont tirés de leurs sources, nommées là où ils sont montrés.
Cette leçon n’est écrite qu’en anglais et en bengali ; elle est donc montrée ici en anglais.
- Mots du Coran connus en entier
- 49,2 %
- Parties des mots du Coran enseignées jusqu’ici
- 69,3 %
Compté d’après le Quranic Arabic Corpus : un mot est connu en entier quand chacune de ses parties a été enseignée. Les chiffres disent quels mots vous avez rencontrés, non ce que vous comprenez.
Lesson 5 taught a-, which turns a sentence into a question. This lesson teaches more ways to ask, and bal, "rather". It also teaches the words that work like inna from lesson 4, which put the noun or pronoun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
The new words
- هَلTel que le Coran l’écrit: هَلْ · هَل · هَلِ
a question that asks yes or no
Occurrences dans le Coran: 93
- كَيْفTel que le Coran l’écrit: كَيْفَ
how
Racine: ك ي فOccurrences dans le Coran: 83
- أَمTel que le Coran l’écrit: أَمْ · أَ · أَمِ
or (in a question)
Occurrences dans le Coran: 137
- بَلTel que le Coran l’écrit: بَلْ · بَل · بَلِ
rather; no, but
Occurrences dans le Coran: 127
- لَٰكِنTel que le Coran l’écrit: لَٰكِن · لَٰكِنِ · لَٰكِنْ
but
Occurrences dans le Coran: 73
- لَعَلّTel que le Coran l’écrit: لَعَلَّ · لَّعَلَّ
perhaps; so that
Occurrences dans le Coran: 123
- لَّيْسَTel que le Coran l’écrit: لَيْسَ · لَّيْسَ · لَسْ
is not
Racine: ل ي سOccurrences dans le Coran: 89
Asking
Hal asks a question that is answered "yes" or "no".
- هَلْa question that asks yes or no
Kayfa is "how".
- كَيْفَhow
Am is "or" inside a question: "is it this, or that?". It can also open a question of its own after what was said before: "or …?".
Rather
- بَلْrather; no, but
Bal is "rather": it turns from what was said before to what is said in its place, or to something further. The corpus calls it a particle of retraction.
Like inna
Lākin, "but", is most often said with a single n. Then the corpus marks it as a particle of amendment, and it does not change the ending of what follows. Said with a doubled n, lākinna works like inna; the corpus counts most of those as a word of its own, not as this one.
Laʿalla, "perhaps" or "so that", works like inna: the noun after it is in the accusative, and a pronoun is joined to it. The corpus counts it with inna's kind.
- لَعَلَّperhaps; so that
- هُۥhim, his; it, its
Laʿallahu is laʿalla and hu, "he": "perhaps he".
Is not
Laysa, "is not", works like kāna, "was", from lesson 6: what is said of its subject is in the accusative. It has a past form only, but means "is not".
- لَّسْis not
- تَyou, your (one man)
Lasta is laysa with ta, "you": "you are not". Before ta, laysa is shortened to las-. The corpus marks it as a verb of kāna's kind. What is said of "you" here has bi- in front, bi-muṣayṭirin, and so is in the genitive: bi- is often set before what laysa says.
In a sentence
Is this your pen?
This sentence was written for practice. Hal hādhā qalamuka?: hal, then "this is your pen", and it is a question.
The house is not far.
Laysa l-baytu baʿīdan: "far" is in the accusative, baʿīdan, after laysa.
Reading
Les mots que vous connaissez en entier après cette leçon sont signalés.
Puis Nous vous avons fait succéder à ces peuples sur terre afin de voir quel serait votre comportement.
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Ou alors leur avons-Nous confié, avant celui-ci, un livre auquel ils ne font que se référer[5] ?
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Ils dirent : « Nous sommes seulement venus infliger à ton peuple le châtiment dont il n’a cessé de douter.
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Recall
- What kind of question does hal ask?
- What case is the noun after laʿalla in?
- How does laysa change what is said of its subject?
Answers: one answered "yes" or "no"; the accusative; it puts it in the accusative, as kāna does, unless bi- stands before it.
Next
The next lesson teaches eight common verbs, and what happens to a verb whose root has a weak letter or a hamzah.
Analyse des mots: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)