عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رضي الله عنهما قَالَ: مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِقَبْرَيْنِ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّهُمَا لَيُعَذَّبَانِ، وَمَا يُعَذَّبَانِ فِي كَبِيرٍ، أَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا فَكَانَ لاَ يَسْتَتِرُ مِنَ البَوْلِ، وَأَمَّا الآخَرُ فَكَانَ يَمْشِي بِالنَّمِيمَةِ» ثُمَّ أَخَذَ جَرِيدَةً رَطْبَةً، فَشَقَّهَا نِصْفَيْنِ، فَغَرَزَ فِي كُلِّ قَبْرٍ وَاحِدَةً، قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لِمَ فَعَلْتَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: «لَعَلَّهُ يُخَفِّفُ عَنْهُمَا مَا لَمْ يَيْبَسَا».
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) passed by two graves and said: "They are being tormented, but they are not tormented for a major sin. One of them would not save himself from being soiled with his urine, while the other used to walk about spreading malicious gossip." He then took a green leaf of a date palm, split it into two, and planted one on each grave. They said: O Messenger of Allah, why did you do that? He replied: "Their torment might be alleviated until they become dry."
Agreed uponGradeAuthentic
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) passed by two graves and said: The two buried in these graves are being tormented but not for something that you would consider significant, although it is significant in the sight of Allah. One of them used to be heedless of keeping his body and clothes clean from the traces of urine when relieving himself, while the other used to spread slander among people, transferring others' talk with the intention of causing harm, dissension, and enmity among them.
Benefits
- Talebearing and heedlessness in shielding oneself from urine are major sins and a cause for punishment in the grave.
- Allah Almighty revealed part of the unseen, such as the torment of the grave, as a sign of his prophethood.
- The act of splitting the two date palm leaves and putting them on the grave is unique to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) because Allah informed him of the condition of the two buried in that grave. Therefore, none should be compared to him (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) because none is aware of the conditions of the dead.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (1/ 53) (218).
صحيح مسلم (1/ 240) (292).
تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، لعبد الله البسام (ص43).
خلاصة الكلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص22).
الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري (1/ 29).
عَن أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا وُضِعَتِ الجِنَازَةُ وَاحْتَمَلَهَا الرِّجَالُ عَلَى أَعْنَاقِهِمْ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ صَالِحَةً قَالَتْ: قَدِّمُونِي، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ غَيْرَ صَالِحَةٍ قَالَتْ: يَا وَيْلَهَا أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُونَ بِهَا؟ يَسْمَعُ صَوْتَهَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا الإِنْسَانَ، وَلَوْ سَمِعَهُ صَعِقَ».
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the funeral is placed and men carry it on their shoulders, if it was righteous, it says: Take me forward, but if it was not righteous, it says: Woe to it! Where are they taking it? Everything hears its voice except man, and if he could hear it, he would fall unconscious."
Narrated by Al-BukhāriGradeAuthentic
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that when the deceased is placed on the bier and carried by men on their shoulders, if the deceased was righteous, it would say: Take me forward, because of the bliss it sees ahead. But if the deceased was not righteous, it would cry out in a terrible voice: Woe to it! Where are they taking it?! Due to the torment it sees ahead. Everything hears its voice except man, and if he could hear it, he would be unconscious from the intensity of what he hears.
Benefits
- The righteous deceased sees the good tidings before being buried, while the disbeliever is distressed and sees the opposite.
- Some sounds are heard by creatures other than humans, but humans cannot hear them.
- The Sunnah is to carry the funeral bier on the shoulders of men, not women, due to the Prophet's prohibition of women following the funeral procession.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (2/ 85) (1314).
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 513).
نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 400).
كنوز رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (7/ 122).
شرح رياض الصالحين، لابن عثيمين (4/ 546).
عَنِ البَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «المُسْلِمُ إِذَا سُئِلَ فِي القَبْرِ: يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ»، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: {يُثَبِّتُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الآخِرَةِ} [إبراهيم: 27].
Al-Barā’ ibn ‘Āzib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a Muslim is questioned in the grave, he testifies that no deity is worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah," this is His saying: {Allah keeps those who believe steadfast with the firm Word [of faith] in the life of this world and in the Hereafter.} [Surat Ibrāhīm: 27]
Agreed uponGradeAuthentic
Explanation
The believer is questioned in the grave by the two angels assigned with this task, namely Munkar and Nakīr, whose names are mentioned in several Hadīths. The believer testifies that none is worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that this is the firm word about which Allah Almighty says: {Allah keeps those who believe steadfast with the firm Word [of faith] in the life of this world and in the Hereafter.} [Surat Ibrāhīm: 27]
Benefits
- The questioning in the grave is true.
- Allah bestows His favor upon His believing slaves in this worldly life and in the Hereafter by keeping them steadfast with the firm word.
- The merit of the testimony of Tawhīd (monotheism) and of dying upon it.
- Allah keeps the believer steadfast in this worldly life through steadfastness in faith and adherence to the straight path, and at the time of death through death upon Tawhīd, and in the grave when being questioned by the two angels.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (6/ 80) (4699).
صحيح مسلم (4/ 2201) (2871).
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 498).
نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 386).
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «بين النفختين أربعون» قالوا: يا أبا هريرة أربعون يومًا؟ قال: أَبَيْتُ. قالوا: أربعون سنة؟ قال: أَبَيْتُ. قالوا: أربعون شهرا؟ قال: أَبَيْتُ. «ويَبْلَى كل شيء من الإنسان إلا عَجْبُ الذَّنَب، فيه يُرَكَّبُ الخلق، ثم يُنْزِلُ الله من السماء ماء فَيَنْبُتُونَ كما يَنْبُتُ الْبَقْلُ».
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Between the two Blows (of the Trumpet), there will be (an interval of) forty." The people said: "O Abu Hurayrah, do you mean forty days?" He said: "I cannot say anything." They said: "Do you mean forty years?" He said: "I cannot say anything." They said: "Do you mean forty months?" He said: "I cannot say anything." (The Prophet added) "Everything of the human body will perish except the end of the coccyx (tailbone), and from that part, Allah will reconstruct the whole body. Then Allah will send down water from the sky, and the people will grow like green vegetables."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
The great Companion Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say that the period between the first blow of the Trumpet, which will cause the people to die, and the second blow, after which they will be resurrected, will be forty. Abu Hurayrah was asked: Forty what: days, months, or years? He refused to reply, as he had not heard a specification for this number from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Then he mentioned that Allah, the Exalted, will send down rain as thick as men's semen, and from this rain, the people will grow in their graves as seeds grow after a flood. Then the people will be resurrected to their Lord on the Day of Reckoning.
Reference
صحيح البخاري، تحقيق: محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر، الطبعة الأولى، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، 1422هـ.
صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت.
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي، الطبعة الأولى، دار ابن الجوزي، الدمام، 1415هـ.
تطريز رياض الصالحين للشيخ فيصل المبارك، الطبعة الأولى، تحقيق: عبد العزيز بن عبد الله آل حمد، دار العاصمة، الرياض، 1423 هـ.
رياض الصالحين، لمحي الدين النووي،الطبعة الأولى، تحقيق: ماهر ياسين الفحل، دار ابن كثير، دمشق، بيروت، 1428 هـ.
شرح رياض الصالحين، للشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين، دار الوطن للنشر، الرياض، 1426هـ.
نزهة المتقين، تأليف: جمعٌ من المشايخ، الناشر: مؤسسة الرسالة، الطبعة الأولى: 1397 هـ، الطبعة الرابعة عشر 1407 هـ.
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها ، قالت: دخلت عليَّ عجوزان من عُجُز يهود المدينة، فَقَالَتا لي: إنَّ أهلَ القبور يُعذَّبون في قبورهم، فكذَّبتُهما، ولم أُنْعِم أنْ أُصَدِّقهما، فَخَرَجَتَا، ودخل عليَّ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فقلت له: يا رسول الله، إنَّ عجوزين، وذكرتُ له، فقال: «صَدَقَتَا، إنَّهم يُعذَّبون عذابًا تَسْمَعُه البهائم كلُّها» فما رأيتُه بعْدُ في صلاة إلا تعوَّذ من عذاب القبر.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: There came to me two old women from the old Jewesses of Madīnah and said: "The grave dwellers are tormented in their graves." I did not believe them and I did not deem it proper to believe them. They went away and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) came to me and I said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, there came to me two old women", and I mentioned to him what they had said. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "They spoke the truth. They are tormented, and their torment can be heard by all animals." Never did I see him afterwards in prayer except that he would seek refuge (in Allah) from the torment of the grave.
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
Two old Jewesses from Madīnah entered the place of ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and told her that the dead are punished in their graves. ‘Ā’ishah denied what they said and refused to believe them, for she did not like to believe the Jews who are known for lying, religious fabrications, and distortion of the Scripture. After these two Jewesses had departed, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came and ‘Ā’ishah informed him of what they said. In response, he said: “They spoke the truth", for the dead are subject to torture that all animals can hear. Then, ‘Ā’ishah went on to inform us that she never saw the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ever since offer a prayer without seeking refuge from the punishment of the grave.
Reference
صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ.
صحيح مسلم، مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، الطبعة: 1423هـ.
إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري، أحمد بن محمد القسطلاني القتيبي، الناشر: المطبعة الكبرى الأميرية، مصر، الطبعة: السابعة 1323 هـ.
إكمال المعلم بفوائد مسلم، عياض بن موسى اليحصبي السبتي، المحقق: الدكتور يحيى إسماعيل، الناشر: دار الوفاء للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع، مصر، الطبعة: الأولى، 1419 هـ، 1998م.
شرح سنن النسائي المسمى «ذخيرة العقبى في شرح المجتبى»، محمد بن علي الإثيوبي الوَلَّوِي، الناشر: دار المعراج الدولية للنشر، دار آل بروم للنشر والتوزيع، الطبعة الأولى.
عن أسماء بنت أبي بكر رضي الله عنها قالت: قام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فَذَكَرَ الفتنةَ التي يُفتن بها المرء في قبره، فلما ذكر ذلك ضَجَّ المسلمون ضَجَّةً حالت بيني وبين أن أفهم كلامَ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فلما سَكَنَت ضَجَّتُهم قلتُ لرجل قريب مني: أيْ -بارك الله لك- ماذا قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في آخر قوله؟ قال: «قد أُوحِيَ إليَّ أنكم تُفتَنون في القبور قريبًا من فتنة الدَّجَّال».
Asmā' bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that once the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and mentioned the trial with which a person will be tested in his grave. When he mentioned this, the people made a loud noise in a way that prevented me from understanding what the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was saying. When they calmed down, I said to a man who was near me: "May Allah bless you, what did the Messenger say at the end?" He said: "It has been revealed to me that you will be tested in your graves with a trial close to that of the Anti-Christ."
Narrated by Bukhari - An-Nasaa’iGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
Asmā' bint Abu Bakr As-Siddīq informed that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stood up one day to admonish people and remind them of the Hereafter. During his sermon, he started talking about the grave, its reality, and its trials in which two angels (Munkar and Nakīr) shall question man about his Lord, his Prophet, and his religion. This will be a great trial because one will be tested with regard to one's faith and certain belief. Anyone passes this test, s/he will be successful; and anyone fails,s/he will be doomed. Upon hearing this, Muslims shouted loudly out of fear from the trail of the grave, and their loud noise prevented Asmā' from hearing what the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was saying. When the noise calmed down, Asmā' asked a man who was near her, saying: "May Allah bless you, what did the Prophet say at the end of his speech?" The man told her that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah revealed to me that the people will be tried and tested in their graves with a trial close to that of the Anti-Christ," meaning that the trial of the Anti-Christ is as difficult and severe as the trail of the grave.
Reference
صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ.
المجتبى من السنن (السنن الصغرى)، أحمد بن شعيب النسائي، تحقيق: عبد الفتاح أبو غدة، مكتب المطبوعات الإسلامية، حلب، الطبعة: الثانية 1406هـ، 1986م.
منار القاري شرح مختصر صحيح البخاري، حمزة محمد قاسم، راجعه: عبد القادر الأرناؤوط، عني بتصحيحه ونشره: بشير محمد عيون، الناشر: مكتبة دار البيان، دمشق، مكتبة المؤيد، الطائف، عام النشر: 1410هـ، 1990م.
شرح سنن النسائي المسمى «ذخيرة العقبى في شرح المجتبى»، محمد بن علي الإثيوبي الوَلَّوِي، الناشر: دار المعراج الدولية للنشر، دار آل بروم للنشر والتوزيع، الطبعة الأولى.
عن أبي سعيد رضي الله عنه قال: ولم أشهده من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ولكن حدَّثنيه زيد بن ثابت، قال: بينما النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في حائط لبني النَّجَّار، على بَغْلة له ونحن معه، إذ حادَت به فكادت تُلْقيه، وإذا أقبُر ستة أو خمسة أو أربعة -قال: كذا كان يقول الجريري- فقال: «مَن يعرف أصحاب هذه الأقبُر؟» فقال رجل: أنا، قال: فمتى مات هؤلاء؟ قال: ماتوا في الإشراك، فقال: «إن هذه الأمة تُبْتَلى في قبورها، فلولا أن لا تَدَافنوا لدعوتُ اللهَ أنْ يُسْمِعَكم من عذاب القبر الذي أسمع منه» ثم أقبل علينا بوجهه، فقال: «تعوَّذوا بالله من عذاب النار» قالوا: نعوذ بالله من عذاب النار، فقال: «تعوَّذوا بالله من عذاب القبر» قالوا: نعوذ بالله من عذاب القبر، قال: «تعوَّذوا بالله من الفتن، ما ظهر منها وما بَطَن» قالوا: نعوذ بالله من الفتن ما ظهر منها وما بَطَن، قال: «تعوَّذوا بالله من فتنة الدَّجَّال» قالوا: نعوذ بالله من فتنة الدَّجَّال.
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I did not hear it from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) but Zayd ibn Thābit reported it to me, as he said: "We were with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in a garden belonging to Banu An-Najjār and he was riding his mule, when suddenly it swerved and almost dropped him off its back. Then he saw some graves; six, five, or four (This is what Al-Jarīri used to say) and asked: 'Who knows the buried people of these graves?' A man said: 'I do.' He said: 'When did these people die?' The man said: 'They died in the era of polytheism.' He said: 'This Ummah will be tested in their graves. Were it not that you would not bury one another, I would supplicate Allah to make you hear what I hear of the torment of the grave.' Then he turned to us and said: 'Seek refuge with Allah from the punishment of the Fire.' They said: 'We see refuge with Allah from the punishment of the Fire.' Then he said: 'Seek refuge with Allah from the punishment of the grave.' They said: 'We seek refuge with Allah from the punishment of the grave.' Then he said: 'Seek refuge with Allah from trials, the apparent and the hidden thereof.' They said: 'We seek refuge with Allah from trials, the apparent and the hidden thereof.' He said: 'Seek refuge with Allah from the trial of the Anti-Christ.' They said: 'We seek refuge with Allah from the trial of the Anti-Christ.'"
Narrated by MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
Zayd ibn Thābit relates that while they were with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in a garden belonging to an Ansāri tribe called Banu An-Najjār, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was riding his mule when it suddenly swerved from the path, startled and almost dropped him off its back. In that place there were four, five, or six graves, so the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Who knows the buried people in these graves? A man replied: I know them. So he said: If you know them then when did they die? The man answered: They died in the days of polytheism. Then he said: This nation will be tested in their graves, then they will receive either bliss or torment; and if it was not for the fear that you would not bury your dead, I would invoke Allah to let hear some of the punishment of the grave that I hear, for if you hear it, you will cease burying your dead, due to the fear that the screams of the dead would pluck out your hearts, or the fear of exposing your relatives, that their affairs be known. Then he turned to his Companions and said: Ask Allah to protect you from the punishment of the Fire. They said: We seek Allah's protection from the punishment of the Fire. Then he said: Ask Allah to protect you from the punishment of the grave. They said: We seek protection and refuge of Allah from being afflicted with the punishment of the grave. Then he said: Ask Allah to protect you from trials, the apparent and the hidden thereof. They said: We seek protection of Allah from the apparent and hidden trials. Then he said: Ask Allah to protect you from the trial of the Anti-Christ, as he is the greatest trial that will lead to disbelief resulting in eternal punishment in the Fire. They said: We seek protection of Allah from the trial of the Anti-Christ.
Reference
صحيح مسلم، مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، الطبعة: 1423هـ.
مرقاة المفاتيح، علي بن سلطان القاري ، دار الفكر، بيروت، لبنان، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ، 2002م.
معجم اللغة العربية المعاصرة، أحمد مختار عبد الحميد عمر بمساعدة فريق عمل، الناشر: عالم الكتب، الطبعة: الأولى 1429هـ، 2008م.
عن أبي أيوب رضي الله عنه، قال: خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقد وَجَبَت الشمس، فسمع صوتا فقال: «يهودُ تُعذَّب في قبورها».
Abu Ayyūb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went out after the sun had set. He heard a sound and then said: "The Jews are being tormented in their graves."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went out after the sun had set. He heard the voice of the Jews while being tormented. He said that this was the voice of the Jews while being tormented in their graves.
Reference
صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ.
صحيح مسلم، مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، الطبعة: 1423هـ.
عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري، محمود بن أحمد بدر الدين العينى، الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت.
مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، علي بن سلطان الملا الهروي القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، بيروت، لبنان، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ - 2002م.
كشف المشكل من حديث الصحيحين، جمال الدين أبو الفرج عبد الرحمن بن الجوزي، تحقيق: علي حسين البواب، الناشر: دار الوطن، الرياض.
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