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Explained ḥadīths

Selling Assets and Fruits

3 ḥadīths

If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary

عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنه مرفوعًا: «من باع نخلًا قد أُبِّرَتْ فَثَمَرُهَا للبائع، إلا أن يشترط المُبْتَاعُ». وفي رواية: «ومن ابْتَاعَ عبدا فمالُه للذي باعه إلا أن يشترط المُبْتَاعُ».
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary." In another narration: "And if someone buys a slave, his property is for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation

He determined that pollination and its fruits belong to the seller, for he is the one who did the work that was required for this. However, if the buyer stipulates that the fruits shall be for him, though the palm trees have been pollinated, and the seller agrees, then they should abide by this condition. The same applies to a slave who is granted some property by his master. If his master sells him, the property shall go back to the seller, for it is not covered by the sales contract. However, if the buyer stipulates that he shall take all or part of the slave's property, this shall be part of the contract.

Reference

تأسيس الأحكام، للنجمي، ط2، دار علماء السلف، 1414هـ. تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام، حققه وعلق عليه وخرج أحاديثه وصنع فهارسه: محمد صبحي بن حسن حلاق، ط10، مكتبة الصحابة، الإمارات، مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، 1426هـ. عمدة الأحكام من كلام خير الأنام صلى الله عليه وسلم، لعبد الغني المقدسي، دراسة وتحقيق: محمود الأرناؤوط، مراجعة وتقديم: عبد القادر الأرناؤوط، ط2، دار الثقافة العربية، دمشق ، بيروت، مؤسسة قرطبة، 1408 هـ. الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري، ط دار الفكر بدمشق، الطبعة الأولى. صحيح البخاري، دار طوق النجاة، ط 1422هـ. صحيح مسلم، ط دار إحياء التراث العربي، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي.

This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.com

The Messenger of Allah granted concession for the sale of Al-‘Arāyā (unpicked ripe dates for dry dates) when they are equal to or less than five Wasqs

عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه : «أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رخص في بيع العرايا، في خمسة أوَسْقُ ٍأو دون خمسة أوسق».
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession for the sale of Al-‘Arāyā (unpicked ripe dates for dry dates) when they are equal to or less than five Wasqs (a standard measure).
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation

Al-‘Arāyā (sing. ‘Ariyyah) refers to the case in which a man wants to eat ripe dates but does not afford it due to his poverty. However, he has dry dates that he can give in exchange for the dry dates on the tree provided the weight of the dry dates does not exceed five Wasqs. The case of Al-‘Arāyā has been made permissible as an exception to the rule of prohibition because of people's need. Therefore, the concession is given only to the amount that is usually needed, which is five Wasqs or less than that. This is because such weight is sufficient for satisfying one’s need for eating ripe dates. The basic rule of prohibition is usury of excess referred to in the Hadīth in which the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said when asked about selling fresh dates for dry ones: "Will fresh dates decrease (in weight) when it becomes dry?" They said: 'Yes.' He said: "So, do not do it."

Reference

- صحيح البخاري، للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم، للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب - الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري -مطبعة السعادة- الطبعة الثانية، 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، عبد الله البسام، تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق، مكتبة الصحابة، الشارقة، الطبعة العاشرة، 1426ه.

This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.com

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession to the owner of Al-‘Ariyyah (a dates palm) to sell its unpicked fruits for dry dates by estimation

عن زيد بن ثابت رضي الله عنه : «أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رخص لصاحب العَرِيَّةِ: أن يبيعها بِخَرْصِهَا». ولمسلم: «بخرصها تمرا، يأكلونها رُطَبَاً».
Zayd ibn Thābit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession to the owner of Al-‘Ariyyah (a dates palm) to sell its unpicked fruits for dry dates by estimation. Another narration by Imām Muslim reads: "...for dry dates by estimation and the new owners might eat their dates fresh."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation

Selling dates on the trees for dry dates is forbidden. This transaction is called Al-Muzābanah that is prohibited because the weight of the dates, which is required to be equal in goods subject to rulings of usury, is not known. Currencies like dinars and dirhams were scarce in the past. Sometimes seasons of the fresh ripe dates would arrive, and people in Madīnah need to eat them; yet, they did not have the money to purchase them. Therefore, it was made permissible for them to purchase some ripe dates to eat in exchange for dry dates by estimation, taking into consideration that they should be approximately equal in amount were the dates on the trees to become dry. This kind of Al-‘Ariyyah transaction was an exception to the rule of prohibition applicable to Al-Muzābanah.

Reference

- صحيح البخاري، للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم، للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب - الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري -مطبعة السعادة- الطبعة الثانية، 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، عبد الله البسام، تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق -مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة، الطبعة العاشرة، 1426ه.

This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.com

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