At-Takaathur
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أَلْهَىٰكُمُ ٱلتَّكَاثُرُ 1
{ ألهكم } شغلكم عن طاعة الله { التكاثر } التفاخر بالأموال والأولاد والرجال.
Rivalry [in worldly things], mutual vainglory about wealth, children and men, distracts you, preoccupies you [diverting you] from obedience to God,
حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ ٱلْمَقَابِرَ 2
{ حتى زرتم المقابر } بأن متم فدفنتم فيها أو عددتم الموتى تكاثرا.
until you visit the graves, [either] in that you have died and then been buried in them, or [it means] to the extent that you [actually] count the dead as a something to rival one another by.
كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ 3
{ كلا } ردع { سوف تعلمون }.
No indeed! — a disavowal. You will come to know!
ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ 4
{ ثم كلا سوف تعلمون } سوء عاقبة تفاخركم عند النزع، ثم في القبر.
Again, no indeed! You will come to know, the evil consequences of your mutual vainglory at the moment of the extraction [of the soul], then [you will come to know] in the grave.
كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ ٱلْيَقِينِ 5
{ كلا } حقا { لو تعلمون علم اليقين } أي علما يقينا عاقبة التفاخر ما اشتغلتم به.
No indeed! — verily — Were you to know with certain knowledge, the consequences of your vainglory, you would not preoccupy yourselves with it, [for]
لَتَرَوُنَّ ٱلْجَحِيمَ 6
{ لترون الجحيم } النار جواب قسم محذوف. وحذف منه لام الفعل وعينه وألقيت حركتها على الراء.
you would surely see hell-fire, the Fire (la-tarawunna’l-jahīma: this is the response to an omitted oath; the third consonant of the root of the verb [r-’-y] together with the second have been omitted, and its vowel has been transposed onto the rā’).
ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ ٱلْيَقِينِ 7
{ ثم لترونها } تأكيد { عين اليقين } مصدر: لأن رأى وعاين، بمعنى واحد.
Again, you will surely see it — [repeated] for emphasis — with the eye of certainty (‘ayna is a verbal noun, as both ra’ā and ‘āyana have the same meaning).
ثُمَّ لَتُسْـَٔلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ 8
{ ثم لتسئلن } حذف منه نون الرفع لتوالي النونات وواو ضمير الجمع لالتقاء الساكنين { يومئذ } يوم رؤيتها { عن النعيم } ما يلتذ به في الدنيا من الصحة والفراغ والأمن والمطعم والمشرب وغير ذلك.
Then, on that day, the day you see it, you will assuredly be questioned (la-tus’alunna: the nūn of the indicative has been omitted because of one nūn coming after the other; likewise [omitted] is the wāw indicating the plural person [of the verb] because of two unvocalised consonants coming together) about the comforts [of the world], the health, leisure, security, food, drink and other things which one enjoys in this world.