Having: lahu, lakum and the pronouns after li and bi
How Arabic says "he has" and "for you" with li and a pronoun, and the pronouns the corpus counts apart after li and bi.
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- Perkataan al-Quran yang diketahui sepenuhnya
- 44.8%
- Bahagian perkataan al-Quran yang sudah diajarkan
- 66.4%
Dikira daripada Quranic Arabic Corpus: sesuatu perkataan diketahui sepenuhnya apabila setiap bahagiannya sudah diajarkan. Bilangan ini menunjukkan perkataan yang telah anda temui, bukan sejauh mana anda memahaminya.
Arabic most often says "have" with no verb. It says that a thing is "for" someone, with li and a pronoun: lahu is "for him", and so "he has". This lesson teaches that, and the pronouns as the corpus writes them after li and bi.
The new words
- كُمْSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: كُمْ
you, your (more than two)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 262
- هُۥSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هُۥ
him, it (lahu: to him, he has)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 232
- هِۦSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هِۦ
him, it (bihi: with it, in it)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 261
- هُمُSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هُمُ
they, them
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 132
- هَاSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هَا
her, it (a thing called feminine)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 110
- نَاSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: نَا
us
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 70
- كُمSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: كُم
you, your (more than two)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 80
- كَSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: كَ
you (one man)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 80
These are the pronouns of the second lesson. After li and bi, and in a few other places, the corpus writes the pronoun as a word of its own rather than as a part joined to the end, and names it by its spelling. So the table counts them apart: -kum after la- is here, and -kum after a noun was in lesson 2. Humu is the one that is more than that: it is "they" or "them" with u on its m, most often before al-, and it stands after li less often than it stands on its own, as hum, "they", of lesson 5 does.
Li with a pronoun
Before a pronoun, li is said la, except before -ī, "me", where it stays lī.
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- هُۥhim, it (lahu: to him, he has)
Lahu is la and hu, "him". In the corpus's spelling hu is written with a small wāw that lengthens its vowel.
- لَّfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- كُمْyou, your (more than two)
Lakum is la and kum, "you", more than two: "for you".
- لَfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- هَاher, it (a thing called feminine)
Lahā is la and hā, "her" or "it", for a thing called feminine.
Bi with a pronoun
- بِwith, by, in
- هِۦhim, it (bihi: with it, in it)
Bihi is bi and hi, "him" or "it": "with it" or "by it". After i, the pronoun hu is said hi, as hum is said him.
In a sentence
You have a book.
This sentence was written for practice. Laka kitābun: "for you", laka, then "a book", with -un because it is not definite: "you have a book".
Reading
Perkataan yang anda ketahui sepenuhnya selepas pelajaran ini ditandakan.
Dan sekalian makhluk yang ada di langit dan di bumi adalah hak kepunyaanNya, masing-masing tetap tunduk kepada hukum peraturanNya.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Mereka mendayu-dayu (kesakitan) di dalam neraka, dan mereka pula di situ tidak dapat mendengar sesuatu yang menyenangkan.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Dan (sebaliknya) jika keputusan itu memberi hak kepada mereka, mereka segera datang kepadanya dengan tunduk taat (menerima hukumnya).
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Recall
- How does Arabic say "he has"?
- How is li said before a pronoun?
- Why is it bihi and not bihu?
Answers: lahu, "for him"; la, but lī before -ī; after i, hu is said hi.
Next
The next lesson teaches the pronouns that stand on their own, "you", "we" and "they", and the dual: two people or things.
Analisis perkataan: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)