عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بنِ عُمرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُما أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ فَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، فَالأَمِيرُ الَّذِي عَلَى النَّاسِ رَاعٍ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ، وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ، وَالمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ بَعْلِهَا وَوَلَدِهِ وَهِيَ مَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْهُمْ، وَالعَبْدُ رَاعٍ عَلَى مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُ، أَلاَ فَكُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ».
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Every one of you is a guardian and responsible for his subjects. The leader in charge of the people is a guardian and is responsible for them; the man is a guardian over his household and is responsible for them; the woman is a guardian over her husband's house and his children and is responsible for them; the slave is a guardian over his master's property and is responsible for it. Verily, each of you is a guardian, and each of you is responsible for his subjects."
Agreed uponGradeAuthentic
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that every Muslim in the society has a responsibility to undertake and bear. The leader or the ruler is a guardian over those Allah has placed in his charge. He is responsible for preserving their legislation, defending against whoever wrongs them, fighting against their enemies, and not wasting their rights. The man in his family is responsible for providing for them, treating them kindly, teaching, and disciplining them. The woman in her husband's house is a guardian for managing his house well and bringing up his children, and she will be held accountable for this. The servant and the employee are responsible for their masters' wealth by preserving what is under their control thereof and serving them, and they will be held accountable for that. So, everyone is a guardian over what has been placed under his charge, and everyone is responsible for his subjects.
Benefits
- The responsibility in the Muslim community is general and everyone should fulfill his responsibility according to his ability.
- The woman's responsibility is great, as she is responsible for fulfilling the right of her husband's house and her duties towards her children.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (3/ 150) (2554).
صحيح مسلم (3/ 1459) (1829).
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 369).
إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري، القسطلاني (4/ 326).
قال إبراهيم: "كانوا يَضْرِبُونَنا على الشَّهادة والعَهْد ونحن صِغار".
Ibrahīm said: ''They used to beat us over testimony and promises when we were still children.''
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
This report shows that some of the righteous predecessors would prevent their children from the habit of promising others to do things lest they fail to fulfill their promises and thus bear a sin for that. Likewise, they would prevent them from giving testimony lest it becomes a matter that they take lightly.
Reference
- الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، للقرعاوي، الناشر: مكتبة السوادي، جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية، الطبعة الخامسة، 1424هـ - 2003م.
- الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، للفوزان، دار النشر: دار العاصمة، الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ - 2001م.
- كتاب التوحيد، لمحمد بن عبد الوهاب، الناشر: جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود، الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية.
- صحيح البخاري، تحقيق: محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر، ط1، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، 1422هـ.
- صحيح مسلم، تأليف: مسلم بن حجاج النيسابوري، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبدالباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي.