Al-Waaqia

إِذَا وَقَعَتِ ٱلْوَاقِعَةُ ۱

{ إذا وقعت الواقعة } قامت القيامة.

When the [imminent] Event comes to pass, [when] the Resurrection takes place,

لَيْسَ لِوَقْعَتِهَا كَاذِبَةٌ ۲

{ ليس لوقعتها كاذبة } نفس تكذب: بأن تنفيها كما نفتها في الدنيا.

there will be no denying its coming to pass, [there is] no soul to deny [it], by repudiating it as it did in this world,

خَافِضَةٌ رَّافِعَةٌ ۳

{ خافضة رافعة } أي هي مظهرة لخفض أقوام بدخولهم النار ولرفع آخرين بدخولهم الجنة.

[it will be] abasing [some], exalting [others], that is, it will manifest the abasing of some people by [virtue of] their admission into the Fire, and [manifest] the exalting of others by their admission into Paradise.

إِذَا رُجَّتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ رَجًّا ۴

{ إذا رجت الأرض رجا } حركت حركة شديدة.

When the earth is shaken with a violent shock,

وَبُسَّتِ ٱلْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ۵

{ وبست الجبال بسا } فتتت.

and the mountains are pulverised to [tiny] pieces,

فَكَانَتْ هَبَآءً مُّنۢبَثًّا ۶

{ فكانت هبآء } غبارا { منبثا } منتشرا، و «إذا» الثانية بدل من الأولى.

so that they become a scattered dust (the second idh, ‘when’, is a substitution for the first idh),

وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَٰجًا ثَلَـٰثَةً ۷

{ وكنتم } في القيامة { أزوجا } أصنافا { ثلثة }.

and you will be, at the Resurrection, three kinds, categories:

فَأَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْمَيْمَنَةِ مَآ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْمَيْمَنَةِ ۸

{ فأصحب الميمنة } وهم الذين يؤتون كتبهم بأيمانهم: مبتدأ خبره { مآ أصحب الميمنة } تعظيم لشأنهم بدخولهم الجنة.

Those of the right [hand], those who are given their record [of deeds] in their right hand (fa-ashābu’l-maymanati is the subject, the predicate of which is [the following mā ashābu’l-maymanati]) — what of those of the right [hand]? — a glorification of their status on account of their admittance into Paradise.

وَأَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْمَشْـَٔمَةِ مَآ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْمَشْـَٔمَةِ ۹

{ وأصحب المشئمة } أي الشمال بأن يؤتى كل منهم كتابه بشماله { ما أصحب المشئمة } تحقير لشأنهم بدخولهم النار.

And those of the left [hand] (al-mash’ama means al-shimāl, ‘left’), each of whom is given his record [of deeds] in their left hands — what of those of the left [hand]? — an expression of contempt for their status on account of their admittance into the Fire.

وَٱلسَّـٰبِقُونَ ٱلسَّـٰبِقُونَ ۱۰

{ والسبقون } إلى الخير وهم الأنبياء: مبتدأ. { السبقون } تأكيد لتعظيم شأنهم.

And the foremost, in [the race to do] good, namely, the prophets (al-sābiqūna is a subject) the foremost: (this [repetition] is to emphasise their exalted status; the predicate [is the following, ūlā’ika’l-muqarrabūna])

أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلْمُقَرَّبُونَ ۱۱

والخبر { أولئك المقربون }.

they are the ones brought near [to God],

فِى جَنَّـٰتِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ ۱۲

{ في جنت النعيم }.

in the Gardens of Bliss,