عن أبي عبد الله خباب بن الأرت رضي الله عنه قال: شكونا إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو مُتَوَسِّدٌ بُرْدَةً له في ظِلِّ الكعبة، فقلنا أَلاَ تَسْتَنْصِرُ لنا، ألا تدعو الله لنا؟ فقال: «قد كان من قبلكم يُؤخذ الرجل فيُحفر له في الأرض، فيُجعل فيها، ثمَّ يُؤتى بالمِنْشَارِ فيوضع على رأسه فيُجعل نصفين، ويُمشط بأمشاطِ الحديد ما دون لحمه وعظمه، ما يَصُدُّهُ ذلك عن دينه، والله لَيُتِمَّنَّ الله هذا الأمر حتى يسير الراكب من صنعاء إلى حضرموت لا يخاف إلا الله والذئب على غَنَمِه، ولكنكم تستعجلون». وفي رواية: «هو مُتَوَسِّدٌ بُرْدَةً، وقد لقينا من المشركين شدة».
Abu ‘Abdullāh Khabbāb ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We complained to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was lying in the shade of the Ka‘bah, placing his cloak under his head. We said: "Will you not supplicate for our victory (over our opponents)? Will you not invoke Allah for us?" He replied: "Among those who came before you, a man would be seized and held in a pit dug for him in the ground, and he would be sawed into two halves from his head, and his flesh would be torn away from his bones with iron combs, and none of this would turn him away from his religion. By Allah, Allah will bring this matter (Islam) to its completion until the traveler will walk from Sana'a to Hadramaut fearing none except Allah and the wolf for his sheep, but you are rushing things." In another narration: "Having made a pillow from his cloak, and we had faced much persecution from the polytheists."
Narrated by BukhariGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
In this Hadīth, Khabbāb (may Allah be pleased with him) tells the story of the suffering that the Muslims faced from the disbelievers of the Quraysh in Makkah. They came complaining to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was lying in the shade of the Ka‘bah placing his head on his cloak. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) explained that those who lived before us experienced severer trials regarding their religion. A pit would be dug for one of them and he would be thrown into it; then a saw would be brought to the top of his head and he would be sawed into two halves; and his flesh would be torn away from his bones with iron combs, which was extreme suffering. Then he swore that Allah, the Almighty, would complete this matter, meaning that He would complete the message of Islam that the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had brought. This would be done in such a way that the one traveling from Sana'a to Hadramaut would fear none except Allah and the wolf for his sheep. Then he guided his noble Companions to stop rushing things, saying: "But you are rushing things," meaning: have patience and await relief from Allah, for Allah will surely complete this matter, and things went just as the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) swore they would go.
Reference
كنوز رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين برئاسة حمد بن ناصر العمار، كنوز إشبيليا، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى1430هـ، 2009م.
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، سليم بن عيد الهلالي، دار ابن الجوزي، الطبعة: الأولى 1418 هـ، 1997م.
تطريز رياض الصالحين، فيصل بن عبد العزيز المبارك، تحقيق: عبد العزيز بن عبد الله آل حمد، دار العاصمة للنشر والتوزيع، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى 1423هـ، 2002م.
نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين، مؤسسة الرسالة، بيروت، الطبعة: الرابعة عشر 1407هـ.
شرح رياض الصالحين، محمد بن صالح العثيمين، مدار الوطن، الرياض، 1426هـ.
دليل الفالحين لطرق رياض الصالحين، محمد علي بن البكري بن علان، نشر دار الكتاب العربي، نسخة الكترونية ، لا يوجد بها بيانات نشر.
رياض الصالحين من كلام سيد المرسلين، أبو زكريا محيي الدين النووي، تحقيق ماهر الفحل، دار ابن كثير، دمشق، بيروت، الطبعة: الأولى 1428هـ، 2007م.
صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ.
مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، علي بن سلطان الملا الهروي القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، بيروت، لبنان، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ، 2002م.
عن عائشة - رضي الله عنها- أنها قالت للنبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - : هل أتى عليك يوم كان أشد من يوم أُحُدٍ ؟ قال: «لقد لقيت من قومك، وكان أشد ما لقيت منهم يوم العقبة، إذ عرضت نفسي على ابن عبد يَالِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ كُلَالٍ، فلم يجبني إلى ما أردت، فانطلقت وأنا مهموم على وجهي، فلم أستفق إلا وأنا بِقَرْنِ الثَّعَالِبِ، فرفعت رأسي، وإذا أنا بسحابة قد أظلتني، فنظرت فإذا فيها جبريل - عليه السلام - فناداني، فقال: إن الله تعالى قد سمع قول قومك لك، وما ردوا عليك، وقد بعث إليك ملك الجبال لتأمره بما شئت فيهم. فناداني ملك الجبال، فسلم علي، ثم قال: يا محمد إن الله قد سمع قول قومك لك، وأنا ملك الجبال، وقد بعثني ربي إليك لتأمرني بأمرك، فما شئت، إن شئت أطبقت عليهم الْأَخْشَبَيْنِ».
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): "Have you ever experienced a day harder than the day of (the battle of) Uhud?" He replied: "Indeed, I have suffered a lot at the hands of your people (i.e., the disbelievers from of the Quraysh Tribe), the harshest of which was what they did to me on the Day of Al-‘Aqabah when I went to Ibn ‘Abd Yalīl ibn ‘Abd Kulāl with the purpose of inviting him to Islam, but he made no response (to my call). So I departed with deep distress (to the point that I did not know where I was going). I did not recover until I arrived at Qarn Ath-Tha‘ālib. There, I raised my head and saw a cloud shading me. I looked and, lo and behold, I saw in it Jibrīl (peace be upon him) who called me and said: Indeed, Allah, the Exalted, heard what your people said to you and the response they gave you. He has sent to you the angel in charge of mountains to order him to do whatever you wish concerning them. Then the angel of the mountains called me, greeted me and said: O Muhammad, Allah has listened to what your people had said to you. I am the angel of mountains, and my Lord has sent me to you so that you may give me your orders concerning them. If you wish I would bring together the Akhshabayn (two mountains that stand opposite to each other at the outskirts of Makkah) to crush them in between."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
When ‘Ā’ishah asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) if he had experienced a day more difficult than the Day of Uhud, he replied: 'Yes,' and he mentioned to her the story of his journey to Taif. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) invited the people of Quraysh to Islam, and they did not respond to him, he headed towards Taif, to convey Allah's Message to them. But, when he invited the people of Taif to Islam, their attitude was worse than that of the people of Makkah. They started throwing stones at him until his heel bled. He presented himself to Ibn ‘Abd Yalīl ibn ‘Abd Kulāl, who was one of the dignitaries of the tribe of Thaqīf in Taif. He also rejected his call. So, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) left Taif so sad and disappointed to the point of not knowing where he was going. He did not become aware of his surroundings until he reached a place called Qarn Ath-Tha‘ālib. There, a cloud hovered over him and shaded him. As he lifted his head to the sky, he saw Jibrīl inside this cloud, who said to him: This is the Angel of Mountains with me. He greets you with peace. The angel greeted the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then said to him: My Lord has sent me to you, if you wish I can make the two huge mountains collapse over them and crush them. But, out of his forbearance and foresight, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) responded: "No, for I do hope that Allah will bring forth from their progeny those who would worship Allah alone and not associate partners with Him." This is exactly what happened, as Allah brought forth from the loins of those infidels who harmed him righteous servants who worship Allah alone and who do not associate partners with Him.
Reference
صحيح البخاري تحقيق محمد زهير الناصر دار طوق النجاة المصورة عن السلطانية الطبعة الأولى 1422
صحيح مسلم, ترقيم محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي, دار إحياء التراث العربي, بيروت.
نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين لمجموعة من الباحثين, مؤسسة الرسالة, الطبعة الرابعة عشر, 1407ه .
دليل الفالحين لطرق رياض الصالحين لمحمد بن علان الصديقي, دار الكتاب العربي.
كنوز رياض الصالحين بإشراف حمد العمار, دار كنوز إشبيليا, الطبعة الأولى, 1430ه .
شرح رياض الصالحين لابن عثيمين , دار مدار الوطن للنشر، الرياض, الطبعة : 1426 هـ.
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي, دار ابن الجوزي.
عن عمرو بن عَبَسة رضي الله عنه قال: كنت وأنا في الجاهلية أظن أن الناس على ضَلالة، وأنهم لَيْسُوا على شيء، وهم يَعبدون الأوثان، فسمعت برجل بمكة يُخبر أخبارًا، فَقَعَدتُ على راحلتي، فقدِمتُ عليه، فإذا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مُسْتَخْفِيًا ، جُرَءآءٌ عليه قومه، فتَلطَّفتُ حتى دخلت عليه بمكة، فقلت له: ما أنت؟ قال: «أنا نَبيٌّ» قلت: وما نَبِيٌّ؟ قال: «أرسلني الله» قلت: وبِأَيِّ شيء أرسلك؟ قال: «أرسلني بصلة الأرحام، وكسر الأوثان، وأن يُوَحَّد الله لا يُشرك به شيءٌ»، قلت: فمن معك على هذا؟ قال: «حُرٌّ وعَبْدٌ»، ومعه يومئذ أبو بكر وبلال رضي الله عنهما ، قلت: إني مُتَّبِعُكَ، قال: «إنك لن تستطيع ذلك يَوْمَك هذا، ألا ترى حالي وحال الناس؟ ولكن ارجع إلى أهلك، فإذا سمعت بِي قد ظهرت فأتني». قال: فذهبت إلى أهلي، وقدم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم المدينة حتى قدم نَفرٌ من أهلي المدينة، فقلت: ما فعل هذا الرجل الذي قَدِم المدينة؟ فقالوا: الناس إليه سِرَاعٌ، وقد أراد قومُه قتلَه، فلم يستطيعوا ذلك، فقدمت المدينة، فدخلت عليه، فقلت: يا رسول الله أَتَعْرِفُني؟ قال: «نعم، أنت الذي لَقَيْتَنِي بمكة» قال: فقلت: يا رسول الله، أخبرني عما عَلَّمَك الله وأَجْهَلُهُ، أخبرني عن الصلاة؟ قال: «صَلِّ صلاةَ الصبح، ثم اقْصُرْ عن الصلاة حتى ترتفع الشمس قِيْدَ رمح، فإنها تَطْلُعُ حين تَطلُعُ بين قرني شيطان، وحينئذ يَسجدُ لها الكفار، ثم صلِ فإن الصلاة مشهُودةٌ محضُورةٌ حتى يَسْتَقِلَّ الظِّلُ بالرُّمْح، ثم اقْصُرْ عن الصلاة، فإنه حينئذ تُسْجَرُ جهنم، فإذا أقبل الفيء فَصَلِّ، فإن الصلاة مشهُودةٌ محضُورةٌ حتى تُصلي العصر، ثم اقْصُرْ عن الصلاة حتى تغرب الشمس، فإنها تَغْرُبُ بين قَرْنَيْ شيطان، وحينئذ يسجدُ لها الكفار» قال: فقلت: يا نبي الله، فالوضوء حدثني عنه؟ فقال: «ما مِنكم رجلٌ يُقَرِّبُ وضوءه، فيتمضمض ويستنشق فيستنثر، إلا خرَّت خطايا وجهه من أطراف لحيته مع الماء، ثم يغسل يديه إلى المرفقين، إلا خرَّت خطايا يديه من أنامله مع الماء، ثم يمسح رأسه، إلا خرَّت خطايا رأسه من أطراف شعره مع الماء، ثم يغسل قدميه إلى الكعبين، إلا خرَّت خطايا رجليه من أنامله مع الماء، فإن هو قام فصلى، فحمد الله تعالى ، وأثنى عليه ومجَّدَه بالذي هو له أهل، وفرَّغَ قلبه لله تعالى ، إلا انصرف من خطيئته كهيئته يومَ ولدَتْه أمه». فحدث عمرو بن عبسة بهذا الحديث أبا أمامة صاحب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال له أبو أمامة: يا عمرو بن عبسة، انظر ما تقول! في مقام واحد يُعطى هذا الرجل؟ فقال عمرو: يا أبا أُمَامة، لقد كَبِرَتْ سِنِّي، ورقَّ عظمي، واقترب أجلي، وما بِي حاجة أن أَكْذِبَ على الله تعالى ، ولا على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لو لم أسمعه من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلا مرة أو مرتين أو ثلاثًا -حتى عدَّ سبع مرات- ما حدَّثْت أبدًا به، ولكني سمعته أكثر من ذلك.
‘Amr ibn ‘Abasah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'In the pre-Islamic time of ignorance, I used to think that people were misguided. They were not on a right path, as they worshipped idols. Then I heard of a man in Makkah who was telling news. So I mounted my camel and went to him. It was the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). He was hiding, since his own people were aggressive toward him. So I acted gently until I entered upon him. I said to him, "Who are you?" He said: "I am a Prophet." I said: "What is a Prophet?" He said: "Allah has sent me.'' I said: "With what has He sent you?" He said: "He sent me with [a message] of maintaining kinship ties, breaking the idols, and upholding the oneness of Allah without associating anything with him." I said: "Who is with you on that?" He said: "A free man and a slave man.'' (At that time only Abu Bakr and Bilāl (may Allah be pleased with both of them) were with him. I said: "I shall follow you.'' He said: "You cannot do that today. Do you not see my situation and that of the people? However, go back to your people, and when you hear that I have succeeded in my mission, come to me.'' So I went to my people. Later, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went to Madīnah. It was until some of my people went to Madīnah., that I said: "What happened to this man who came to Madīnah?" They said: "People are hastening to him. His own people wanted to kill him, but they could not." So I went to Madīnah and entered upon him and said: "O Messenger of Allah, do you recognize me?" He said: "Yes, you are the one who met me in Makkah." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about what Allah has taught you, which I am unaware of. Tell me about prayer." He said: "Perform the morning prayer. Then do not pray until the sun has risen up to the height of a lance, for when it rises, it rises between two horns of a devil. It is when the unbelievers prostrate themselves to it. Then pray, for prayer is witnessed and attended, until the shadow of the lance shrinks. Then do not pray, for at that time Hell is fired up. Then pray when the shadow becomes longer, for the prayer is witnessed and attended, until you perform ‘Asr. Then do not pray until the sun sets, for it sets between two horns of a devil. It is when the unbelievers prostrate themselves to it." I further said: ''O Prophet, tell me about ablution.'' He said: "When anyone of you approaches his ablution water, and rinses his mouth and nose, the sins of his face fall with water from the edges of his beard. Then when he washes his hands up to elbows, the sins of his hands fall with water from his fingertips. Then when he wipes over his head, the sins of his head fall with water from the ends of his hair. Then when he washes his feet up to the ankles, the sins of his feet fall with water from his toes. Then, when he stands up for prayer, praises Allah, the Almighty,, extols Him, glorifies Him as He deserves, and empties his heart for Allah, the Almighty, he becomes free from his sins as he was on the day his mother gave birth to him.'' ‘Amr ibn ‘Abasah narrated this Hadīth to Abu Umāmah, a companion of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Abu Umāmah, therefore, said to him: "O ‘Amr ibn ‘Abasah, think about what you are saying. Will a man be getting all of this on one occasion?" ‘Amr said: "O Abu Umāmah, I am old in age, weak in bones, and close to death. I do not need to tell lies about Allah and His Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Had I not heard this from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) only once, twice, thrice (he counted up to seven times), I would have not reported it. However, I heard it more than that.''
Narrated by MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
‘Amr ibn ‘Abasah As-Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) informs us about his situation in the pre-Islamic times and how Allah guided him to Islam. Before Islam, he had light in his heart that showed him that the unbelievers were misguided, as they worshiped false objects, which they associated with Allah. He did not share their beliefs. However, when he heard of someone in Makkah telling prophetic news, he mounted his camel and went to him. Prophet Muhammad was then hiding to avoid the abuse of the Makkans. ‘Amr says that he used gentle ways to get access to the Prophet. He then approached him and asked him about his message. The Prophet told him that Allah sent him with a message of upholding kinship relations, breaking idols, and worshiping Allah alone without associating partners with Him. Here the Prophet was inviting him to Allah, explaining to ‘Amr great aspects of Islam. The most important thing he told him was to believe in the oneness of Allah and to have good manners. He told ‘Amr what people would realize with their reason that idols were a falsehood. Before coming to Islam, ‘Amr knew that the polytheists were on a false course of worship. He was searching for the truth. So when he reached the Prophet and asked him about his message, he told him that Allah sent him with a message that maintains kinship relations. Indeed, the Makkans had spread rumors that the Prophet came with a message that severs kinship ties. Against these backdrop, the Prophet asserted that his message maintained kinship ties. The Prophet further told ‘Amr that his message included the breaking of idols, i.e. everything that is worshipped besides Allah, so that Allah is worshipped alone, without any partners associated with Him. Upom hearing that, ‘Amr asked the Prophet about his followers, and the Prophet told him that a free man (i.e. Abu Bakr) and a slave man (i.e. Bilāl) were following him. So he said that he too would follow the Prophet. However, the Prophet told him that he can not do so on that day. This means that if ‘Amr joined the Prophet in Makkah, thus leaving his own people, the Prophet would not be able to protect him from the Makkans. So he told him to stay as a Muslim among his people until Islam is strong enough, then ‘Amr would join Muslims. This was an aspect of the Prophet’s compassion. ‘Amr was weak and the Makkans were plenty in number and hostile towards the Prophet, who could not defend himself rather than someone else. ‘Amr went back to his own people as a Muslim, and thus he would often check on the Prophet's news. However, he kept his conversion a secret, fearing for his own life. When some of his people came back from a visit to Madīnah, ‘Amr asked them about the Prophet. They told him that people were quick in responding to him and that the Makkans wanted to kill him but failed. So ‘Amr travelled to Madīnah and entered upon the Prophet, who recognized him. ‘Amr asked the Prophets about the teachings of Islam; so as to learn what he is unaware of the divine knowledge. The Prophet told him that he should pray the morning prayer on time and then stop praying until the sun rises, because when it rises the unbelievers prostrate themselves to it. A Muslim, however, is not allowed to delay his morning prayer, nor to pray optionally when the sun rises. The time for sunrise can be known from the calendar. Now, the Prophet forbade that Muslims emulate the disbelievers by praying at sunrise, because the sun rises between two horns of a devil. Later, however, angels attend the prayers, so as to record a Muslim's prayer and be witness for him. No prayer is allowed when the sun is in the middle of the sky, because then Hell is fired up. At this time, one's shade is under his feet. It is a short time that lasts for only two Rak‘ahs. However, when the shade shrinks under one's feet and moves to the other direction, marking the noon time, the angels attend the prayer, so a Muslim may pray from Zhuhr until ‘Asr. This is an open time for prayer. After praying ‘Asr, one does not pray until sunset. Before sunset, it is forbidden to pray because the sun sets, as it rises, between two horns of a devil. A Muslim, meanwhile, is not allowed to delay praying ‘Asr until shortly before sunset, because in doing so he emulates the unbelievers. The Prophet called it the prayer of hypocrites, who wait until the sun is orange and pray four Rak‘ahs quickly, with little remembrance of Allah. So a Muslim should not behave like unbelievers and hypocrites, willingly delaying the 'Asr prayer until the sun is going to set. ‘Amr then asked the Prophet about ablution. The Prophet told him that doing ablution as prescribed eliminates sins, which fall with water when one washes his limbs. ‘Amr used to tell others about this Hadīth, yet Abu Umāmah warned him, concluding that he was exaggerating. He might have thought that the reward was too large for doing ablution, that a Muslim becomes sin-free as if he is just born. ‘Amr, however, explained that he did not have to lie, because he was already old, weak, and about to die. He further said that he heard the Hadīth not only once or even seven times, but more than that.
Reference
كنوز رياض الصالحين، تأليف: حمد بن ناصر بن العمار، الناشر: دار كنوز أشبيليا، الطبعة الأولى: 1430 هـ
بهجة الناظرين، تأليف: سليم بن عيد الهلالي، الناشر: دار ابن الجوزي ، سنة النشر: 1418 هـ- 1997م
نزهة المتقين، تأليف: جمعٌ من المشايخ، الناشر: مؤسسة الرسالة، الطبعة الأولى: 1397 هـ، الطبعة الرابع
دليل الفالحين لطرق رياض الصالحين؛ لمحمد بن علان الشافعي، دار الكتاب العربي-بيروت
صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ.
عن أنس، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «لقد أُخِفتُ في الله وما يُخافُ أحد، ولقد أُوذيت في الله وما يُؤذَى أحد، ولقد أَتَتْ عليَّ ثلاثون مِن بيْن يوم وليلة وما لي ولِبِلال طعامٌ يَأْكُلُه ذُو كَبِد إلا شيءٌ يُوارِيه إبطُ بلال».
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have been intimidated in the path of Allah at a time when no one else was intimidated, and I have been harmed for the sake of Allah at a time when no one else was harmed, and I once spent thirty days and nights wherein I and Bilāl had nothing a living being can eat except a little that was kept under Bilāl's armpit."
Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by AhmadGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) says that he was alone when he started proclaiming the message of Islam, and that the disbelievers intimidated him and harmed him because of that. At that time, he was alone with no support in the face of this harm other than the help, protection, and guidance of Allah, the Almighty. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) also says that he lacked money, food, and provisions at that phase to the extent that he once spent thirty days with no food but a little something that Bilāl (may Allah be pleased with him) used to carry under his armpit, because they did not even have a pot for keeping food. This Hadīth refers to the period when the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fled from Makkah.
Reference
- سنن الترمذي، نشر: شركة مكتبة ومطبعة مصطفى البابي الحلبي – مصر، الطبعة: الثانية، 1395هـ - 1975م.
- مسند الإمام أحمد بن حنبل، تحقيق: شعيب الأرنؤوط - عادل مرشد، وآخرون، نشر: مؤسسة الرسالة، الطبعة: الأولى، 1421هـ - 2001م.
- سنن ابن ماجه، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، نشر: دار إحياء الكتب العربية - فيصل عيسى البابي الحلبي.
- مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، لعلي بن سلطان الملا الهروي القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، بيروت – لبنان، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ - 2002م.
- صحيح الجامع الصغير وزياداته، للألباني، نشر: المكتب الإسلامي.
- فتح الباري شرح صحيح البخاري, أحمد بن علي بن حجر العسقلاني الشافعي, دار المعرفة - بيروت، 1379, رقم كتبه وأبوابه وأحاديثه: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي, قام بإخراجه وصححه وأشرف على طبعه: محب الدين الخطيب.
- الفتح الرباني لترتيب مسند الإمام أحمد بن حنبل الشيباني ومعه بلوغ الأماني من أسرار الفتح الرباني, أحمد بن عبد الرحمن بن محمد البنا الساعاتي, دار إحياء التراث العربي, الطبعة: الثانية.
عن عُروة بن الزبير، قال: سألتُ عبد الله بن عمرو عن أشد ما صنع المشركون برسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، قال: رأيتُ عُقبة بن أبي مُعَيْط جاء إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو يصلي، فوضع رداءه في عنقه فخنقه به خنقًا شديدًا، فجاء أبو بكر حتى دفعه عنه، فقال: {أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ} [غافر: 28].
‘Urwah ibn Az-Zubayr reported: I asked ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr about the worst thing the polytheists did to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). He said: "I saw ‘Uqbah ibn Abi Mu‘ayt coming to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was praying. ‘Uqbah wrapped his garment around the Prophet's neck and strangled him therewith severely. Abu Bakr came and pulled ‘Uqbah away from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: '{Do you kill a man [merely] because he says: 'My Lord is Allah' while he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?} [Sūrat Ghāfir: 28]'"
Narrated by BukhariGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
‘Urwah ibn Az-Zubayr ibn al-‘Awwām (may Allah have mercy upon him) asked ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) about the worst harm and persecution the polytheists had ever done to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). He told him that he saw ‘Uqbah ibn Abi Mu‘ayt approaching the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was praying in the Hijr of the Ka‘bah. He wrapped the Prophet's neck with his garment or that of the Prophet, and squeezed it severely. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came and pushed him away while crying and said: "{Do you kill a man [merely] because he says: 'My Lord is Allah' while he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?} [Sūrat Ghāfir: 28]"
This was the worst thing ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) had ever seen. ‘Urwah found out that there was a severer persecution as in the report he narrated from ‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) the Prophet's wife where she said that she asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): "Have you ever encountered a day harder than the day of the battle of Uhud?" The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Your people have troubled me a lot, and the worst trouble was what I experienced on the Day of ‘Aqabah when I presented myself to Ibn ‘Abd Yālīl ibn ‘Abd Kulāl and he did not respond to my call. So I departed, overwhelmed with excessive sorrow, and proceeded on, and could not recover till I found myself at Qarn Ath-Tha‘ālib where I lifted my head towards the sky to see a cloud shading me unexpectedly. I looked up and saw Jibrīl in it. He called me saying: 'Allah heard what your people had said to you, and what they had said in response to your call. He has sent the angel of the mountains to you, so that you may order him to do whatever you wish him to do to these people.' The angel of the mountains called and greeted me, and then said: 'O Muhammad! Order what you wish. If you like, I will let Al-Akhshabayn (i.e. two mountains) fall upon them.' The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'No but I hope that Allah will let them beget children who will worship Allah alone, and worship none besides Him.'" [Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
Reference
صحيح البخاري، نشر: دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422ه.
عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري، لمحمود بن أحمد بن موسى الحنفى بدر الدين العينى، الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت.
إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري، لأحمد بن محمد بن أبى بكر بن عبد الملك القسطلاني القتيبي المصري، الناشر: المطبعة الكبرى الأميرية، مصر، الطبعة: السابعة، 1323 هـ.
معجم اللغة العربية المعاصرة، للدكتور أحمد مختار عبد الحميد عمر بمساعدة فريق عمل، الناشر: عالم الكتب، الطبعة: الأولى، 1429 هـ - 2008 م.