عن أبي موسى، قال: أقبلتُ إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، ومعي رجلان من الأشعريين، أحدهما عن يميني والآخر عن يساري، ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يَسْتَاكُ، فكلاهما سَأَلَ، فقال: "يا أبا موسى، أو: يا عبد الله بن قيس" قال: قلت: والذي بَعَثَكَ بالحق ما أطلعاني على ما في أنفسهما، وما شَعَرْتُ أنهما يطلبان العمل، فكأني أنظر إلى سِوَاكَهَ تَحْتَ شَفَتِهِ قَلَصَتْ، فقال: "لن، أو: لا نستعمل على عملنا من أراده، ولكن اذهب أنت يا أبا موسى، أو يا عبد الله بن قيس، إلى اليمن" ثم أَتْبَعَهُ معاذ بن جبل، فلما قدم عليه ألقَى له وَسَادَةً، قال: انزل، وإذا رجل عنده مُوثَقٌ، قال: ما هذا؟ قال: كان يهوديا فأسلم ثم تَهَوَّدَ، قال: اجلس، قال: لا أجلس حتى يقتل، قضاء الله ورسوله، ثلاث مرات. فأمر به فقتل، ثم تذاكرا قيام الليل، فقال أحدهما: أما أنا فأقوم وأنام، وأرجو في نومتي ما أرجو في قومتي.
Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) along with two men (from the tribe) of Ash‘ariyyīn, one on my right and the other on my left, while the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was brushing his teeth (with a tooth-stick), and both men asked him for employment (as governors). The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Mūsa (or O ‘Abdullāh ibn Qays)!" I said: "By Him Who sent you with the truth, they did not tell me what was on their minds and I did not feel that they were seeking employment." As if I were looking now at his tooth-stick being drawn to a corner under his lips, and he said: "We will not (or, we do not) appoint for our affairs anyone who seeks that position. But O Abu Mūsa! (or O ‘Abdullāh ibn Qays!) You go to Yemen." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then sent Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal after him, and when Mu‘ādh reached him, he spread out a cushion for him and asked him to sit. There was a fettered man beside Abu Mūsa. Mu‘ādh asked: "Who is this (man)?" Abu Mūsa said: "He was a Jew and became a Muslim and then reverted back to Judaism." Then Abu Mūsa asked Mu‘ādh to sit down but Mu‘ādh said: "I will not sit down till he is killed. This is the judgment of Allah and His Messenger (for such cases)," and he repeated it thrice. Abu Mūsa ordered that the man be killed, and he was killed. Then they discussed the voluntary night prayers and one of them said: "I pray and sleep, and I hope that Allah will reward me for my sleep as He rewards me for my prayers."
Narrated by Bukhari & MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
In this Hadīth, Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with two men from his own tribe. The two men asked for employment as governors, so the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that he would not give a position of power to anyone who asks for it. When someone seeks a position, he is left to it and is not given support by Allah. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) rather, sent Abu Mūsa to govern Yemen and then asked Mu‘ādh to reach him there. Mu‘ādh found a fettered man in the presence of Abu Mūsa. This man converted from Judaism to Islam and then back to Judaism. So, Mu‘ādh said that the due punishment must be inflicted on him, i.e., the punishment for apostasy which is capital punishment. Thus the man was killed. Both Abu Mūsa and Mu‘ādh then talked about voluntary night prayer. One of them said that he sleeps and prays, and hopes that he would receive reward for his sleep just as he receives reward for his prayer.
Reference
صحيح البخاري -الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ.
صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ.
منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام:تأليف عبد الله الفوزان-طبعة دار ابن الجوزي-الطبعة الأولى 1428
توضيح الأحكام شرح بلوغ المرام:تأليف عبد الله البسام- مكتبة الأسدي –مكة المكرمة –الطبعة: الخامِسة، 1423 هـ - 2003 م
تسهيل الإلمام بفقه الأحاديث من بلوغ المرام:تأليف الشيخ صالح الفوزان- عناية عبد السلام السليمان - مؤسسة الرسالة الطبعة الأولى
فتح ذي الجلال والإكرام بشرح بلوغ المرام للشيخ ابن عثيمين- المكتبة الإسلامية القاهرة- تحقيق صبحي رمضان وأم إسراء بيومي- الطبعة الأولى 1427-
فتح الباري شرح صحيح البخاري- أحمد بن علي بن حجر العسقلاني الشافعي- دار المعرفة - بيروت،رقم كتبه وأبوابه وأحاديثه: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي- قام بإخراجه وصححه وأشرف على طبعه: محب الدين الخطيب- عليه تعليقات العلامة: عبد العزيز بن عبد الله بن باز.
عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري/ بدر الدين العيني -دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت-بدون تاريخ.
عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ: أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَرَّقَ قَوْمًا، فَبَلَغَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ: لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لَمْ أُحَرِّقْهُمْ لِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ تُعَذِّبُوا بِعَذَابِ اللَّهِ»، وَلَقَتَلْتُهُمْ كَمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ».
‘Ikrimah reported: ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) burned some people, and this news reached Ibn ‘Abbās, who said: Had I been in his place, I would not have burned them, as the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Do not punish (anybody) with Allah's punishment." No doubt, I would have killed them, for the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever changes his religion, kill him."
Narrated by Al-BukhāriGradeAuthentic
Explanation
‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) exercised his judgment and burned with fire a group of heretics who had apostatized from Islam. When this reached ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), he agreed with him on killing them but disapproved of burning them with fire. And he said: If I were in his place, I would not have burned them with fire, for the Prophet (ﷺ) made clear that no one punishes with fire except Allah, the Lord of the fire. It is sufficient to kill them, for the Prophet (ﷺ) said: Whoever apostatizes from Islam and changes his religion to another, kill him.
Benefits
- The killing of one who apostatizes from Islam is obligatory according to the consensus of scholars—subject to its conditions—and it is to be carried out only by the ruler or the judicial authority.
- His words: "Whoever changes his religion, kill him", i.e., whoever apostatizes from Islam—a general ruling that applies to both men and women.
- An apostate is not allowed to remain in his apostasy; rather, he is invited to return to Islam, and if he does not accept, he has to be killed.
- This Hadīth prohibits punishment by fire, and it indicates that legal punishments must not be carried out using fire.
- The virtue of Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) and the vastness of his knowledge and his deep understanding of the Prophet's Hadīths.
- It contains a lesson on observing proper manners when correcting someone who is mistaken.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (4/ 61) (3017).
عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري، لبدر الدين العيني (14/ 264).
منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله الفوزان (8/ 364).
توضيح الأحكام شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله البسام (6/ 204).
فتح ذي الجلال والإكرام بشرح بلوغ المرام، لابن عثيمين (5/ 218).
الإفصاح عن معاني الصحاح، لابن هبيرة (3/ 190).
التوضيح لشرح الجامع الصحيح، لابن الملقن (18/ 58).
نيل الأوطار، للشوكاني (7/ 225).
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَدِمَ أُنَاسٌ مِنْ عُكْلٍ أَوْ عُرَيْنَةَ، فَاجْتَوَوْا المَدِينَةَ فَأَمَرَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلِقَاحٍ، وَأَنْ يَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَلْبَانِهَا، فَانْطَلَقُوا، فَلَمَّا صَحُّوا قَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَاسْتَاقُوا النَّعَمَ، فَجَاءَ الخَبَرُ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ، فَبَعَثَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ جِيءَ بِهِمْ، فَأَمَرَ فَقَطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ، وَسُمِرَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ، وَأُلْقُوا فِي الحَرَّةِ، يَسْتَسْقُونَ فَلاَ يُسْقَوْنَ، قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ: فَهَؤُلاَءِ سَرَقُوا وَقَتَلُوا، وَكَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانِهِمْ، وَحَارَبُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ.
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Some people from ‘Ukl or ‘Uraynah came, and the climate of Madīnah did not suit them, so they became ill. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them with the milch camels and drink from their urine and milk. They left, and when they recovered, they killed the herdsman of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and drove off the camels. The news came early in the day, so he sent people in pursuit of them. When the sun had risen, they were brought back. He ordered that their hands and feet be cut off and their eyes be branded, and they were thrown into Al-Harrah, where they begged for water but were not given any. Abu Qilābah said: They stole, killed, disbelieved after embracing faith, and waged war against Allah and his Messenger.
Agreed uponGradeAuthentic
Explanation
Some men from the tribes of ‘Ukl and ‘Uraynah came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) as Muslims. They were afflicted with a disease that caused their bellies to swell, and they disliked staying in Madīnah because its food and air did not suit them. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to go to the charity camels and drink from their urine and milk. They went, and when they recovered, gained weight, and their color returned, they killed the Prophet's shepherd and drove off the camels. The news reached the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) early in the day, so he sent people in pursuit of them. They were captured by midday and brought before the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) as captives. He ordered that their hands and feet be cut off and their eyes be gouged out because they had done that to the shepherd. They were then thrown into Al-Harrah, where they begged for water but were not given any, and they eventually died. Abu Qilābah said: They stole, killed, disbelieved after embracing faith, and waged war against Allah and his Messenger.
Benefits
- The purity of the urine of animals whose meat is permissible to eat.
- The permissibility of using camel milk and urine for medical treatment and healing.
- The legitimacy of equivalence in Qasās (legal retribution), while the prohibition of mutilation applies to cases other than rightful recompense or legal retribution.
- Killing a group of people for the murder of one individual, whether they killed him through treachery or banditry.
Reference
صحيح البخاري (1/ 56) (233).
صحيح مسلم (3/ 1296) (1671).
إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري (1/ 298).
عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري (3/ 154).
التوضيح لشرح الجامع الصحيح (4/ 455).
النهاية في غريب الحديث والأثر (1/ 318).
Every ḥadīth, grade, explanation and benefit here is shown exactly as HadeethEnc.com publishes it, under its terms for republication. The grade names no grader. The translations and explanations are its authors’ own, and some state rulings; Sabīl’s reviewers have not examined them. The Arabic ḥadīth is the text. Source: HadeethEnc.com