عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أَن النبيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَالَ: «الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دِينِ خَلِيلِهِ، فَلْيَنْظُر أَحَدُكُم مَنْ يُخَالِل».
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man follows the religion (i.e. ways and manners) of his close friend. So, each of you should carefully consider whom he takes as his intimate friend."
Narrated by Abu Dāwūd, At-Tirmidhi, and AhmadGradeHasan
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) pointed out that a person resembles his close friend and companion in his ways and habits, and friendship affects morals, manners, and behaviors. Therefore, he instructed us to choose our friends carefully, as a friend guides his friend to Imān (faith), guidance, and goodness, and helps him in this regard.
Benefits
- The Hadīth enjoins us to befriend good people and choose them carefully and prohibits us from taking wicked people as friends.
- He specifically mentioned the friend and not the relative because a person chooses his friends, but has no choice concerning his brothers and relatives.
- A person should think well before taking anyone as a friend.
- A person’s religious commitment is strengthened by accompanying the believers and is weakened by accompanying sinners.
Reference
سنن أبي داود (7/ 204) (4833).
سنن الترمذي (4/ 187) (2378).
مسند أحمد (13/ 398) (8028).
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 433).
تحفة الأحوذي بشرح جامع الترمذي، للمباركفوري (7/ 51).
تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص250).
كنوز رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (6/ 166).
نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 341).
This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.comعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «حَقُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ سِتٌّ» قِيلَ: مَا هُنَّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟، قَالَ: «إِذَا لَقِيتَهُ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِذَا دَعَاكَ فَأَجِبْهُ، وَإِذَا اسْتَنْصَحَكَ فَانْصَحْ لَهُ، وَإِذَا عَطَسَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ فَسَمِّتْهُ، وَإِذَا مَرِضَ فَعُدْهُ وَإِذَا مَاتَ فَاتَّبِعْهُ».
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Muslim's right over his fellow Muslim is six." It was said: What are they, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "When you meet him, greet him with peace; when he invites you, accept his invitation; when he seeks your advice, advise him; when he sneezes and praises Allah, say Tasmīt to him; when he falls sick, visit him; and when he dies, follow him."
Narrated by MuslimGradeAuthentic
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that a Muslim owes his fellow Muslim six things: First: To greet him with peace upon meeting him by saying: Peace be upon you, and he should return the greeting by saying: And may peace be upon you. Second: To accept his invitation when he invites you to a banquet or any other occasion. Third: To give him advice when he asks for it without flattering or cheating him. Fourth: When he sneezes and says: Alhamdu lillah (praise be to Allah), say Tashmīt to him by saying: Yarhamuka Allah (may Allah have mercy upon you); and he should reply by saying: Yahdīkum Allah was yuslih bālakum (may Allah guide you and set your affairs right). Fifth: To visit him and check on him when he is sick. Sixth: To pray over him when he dies and follow his funeral until he is buried.
Benefits
- Ash-Shawkāni said: What is meant by (The Muslim's right) is that it should not be neglected, and fulfilling it is either obligatory or firmly recommended in such a way that makes it similar to the obligation that must not be neglected.
- Responding to a greeting of peace is an individual obligation if the greeting is directed at a single person, and if directed at a group, it suffices if one of them responds. As for initiating the greeting of peace, it is basically an act of Sunnah.
- One of the Muslim’s rights over his fellow Muslims is to visit him when he is sick, as it brings joy and comfort to his heart and is considered a communal obligation.
- It is obligatory to respond to an invitation unless it involves a sin. If the invitation is to a wedding banquet, the majority hold that it is obligatory to respond unless there is a valid excuse under the Shariah. However, if the invitation is for something other than a wedding banquet, the majority consider it recommended.
- Saying Tashmīt to the sneezer is obligatory upon whoever hears him praising Allah.
- The perfection of the Shariah and its emphasis on strengthening the bonds of society and faith, as well as the ties of love among its members.
- (Say Tasmīt to him) and in some versions "Tashmīt" with "s" and with "sh": a supplication for goodness and blessing. It was said that "Tashmīt" means: May Allah keep you away from gloating and protect you from what may cause your enemy to rejoice over you. "Tasmīt" means: may Allah guide you to the straight path.
Reference
صحيح مسلم (4/ 1705) (2162).
منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله الفوزان (10/ 7).
توضيح الأحكام من بلوغ المرام، للبسام (3/ 128).
بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 327).
This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.comعن أبي صِرْمة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «مَنْ ضَارَّ ضَارَّ اللهُ بِهِ، وَمَنْ شَاقَّ شَقَّ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ».
Abu Sirmah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever causes harm will be harmed by Allah, and whoever causes hardship will be put in hardship by Allah."
Narrated by Abu Dāwūd, At-Tirmidhi, Ibn Mājah, and AhmadGradeHasan
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) warned against causing harm or hardship to a Muslim in any matter, in himself, his wealth, or his family, and that whoever does so, Allah will subject him to a punishment similar to his action.
Benefits
- It is prohibited to harm Muslims or put them in hardship.
- Allah Almighty takes revenge for His servants.
Reference
سنن أبي داود (5/ 477) (3635).
سنن الترمذي (3/ 495) (1940).
سنن ابن ماجه (3/ 432) (2342).
مسند أحمد (25/ 34) (15755).
مساوئ الأخلاق، للخرائطي (ص: 274) (583).
توضيح الأحكام مِن بلوغ المرام، للبسام (7/ 445).
فتح ذي الجلال والإكرام شرح بلوغ المرام، لابن عثيمين (6/ 396).
منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله الفوزان (10/ 261).
This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.comعن جرير بن عبد الله قال: بعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سَرِيَّةً إلى خَثْعَمٍ فاعٍتَصَمَ نَاسٌ منهم بالسجود، فَأَسْرَعَ فيهم القَتْلُ قال: فَبَلَغَ ذلك النبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَمَرَ لهم بنصف العَقْلِ وقال: «أنا بريء من كل مسلم يُقيم بين أَظْهُرِ المشركين». قالوا: يا رسول الله لم؟ قال: «لا تَرَاءَى نَارَاهُما».
Jarīr ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 'The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sent a brigade to (the tribe of) Khath‘am. Some of their people sought protection by resorting to prostration but were hastily killed. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was informed of that, he ordered half the blood money to be paid for them, saying: "I am not responsible for any Muslim who stays among the polytheists." They asked: "Why, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Their fires should not be visible to one another.''
Narrated by At-Termedhy - An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu DaoudGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sent an army brigade to a group from the tribe of Khath‘am who were disbelievers. So, some of them resorted to prostration to show that they were Muslim. However, the Muslims hastened to kill them, thinking that they were polytheists, and because they stayed among the polytheists. When it was later confirmed that they (who prostrated) had converted to Islam, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) made their blood money half of that of Muslims. He did not give them a full blood money because they were the reason behind their own killing. The Shariah forbids staying in the land of the disbelievers, such that Muslims should not meet the disbelievers or their fires cross. This means that they should not be close enough to see each other's fire. The purpose is for the Muslims to disassociate themselves from disbelief and its people.
Reference
سنن أبي داود، سليمان بن الأشعث السِّجِسْتاني، تحقيق: محمد محيي الدين عبد الحميد: المكتبة العصرية.
السنن الصغرى للنسائي، أحمد بن شعيب النسائي، تحقيق: عبد الفتاح أبو غدة، مكتب المطبوعات الإسلامية، حلب، الطبعة: الثانية، 1406 – 1986.
سنن الترمذي، محمد بن عيسى الترمذي، تحقيق وتعليق: أحمد محمد شاكر ومحمد فؤاد عبد الباقي وإبراهيم عطوة عوض، شركة مكتبة ومطبعة مصطفى البابي الحلبي، مصر الطبعة: الثانية، 1395 هـ - 1975 م.
تسهيل الإلمام بفقه الأحاديث من بلوغ المرام: تأليف الشيخ صالح الفوزان، عناية عبد السلام السليمان، مؤسسة الرسالة الطبعة الأولى.
فتح ذي الجلال والإكرام بشرح بلوغ المرام للشيخ ابن عثيمين، المكتبة الإسلامية القاهرة، تحقيق صبحي رمضان وأم إسراء بيومي- الطبعة الأولى 1427.
إرواء الغليل في تخريج أحاديث منار السبيل، لمحمد ناصر الدين الألباني، إشراف: زهير الشاويش، المكتب الإسلامي، بيروت، الطبعة: الثانية 1405 هـ - 1985م.
ذخيرة العقبى في شرح المجتبى، المؤلف: محمد بن علي بن آدم الإثيوبي الوَلَّوِي دار المعراج الدولية للنشر ودار آل بروم للنشر والتوزيع، الطبعة: الأولى - 1416 هـ - 1996 م.
This ḥadīth at HadeethEnc.comعن عمر بن الخطاب أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «لأُخْرِجَنَّ اليهودَ والنصارى مِن جَزِيرة العرب حتى لا أدَعَ إلا مُسلما».
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: "I will certainly expel the Jews and the Christians from the Arabian Peninsula until only Muslims are left in it."
Narrated by MuslimGradeAuthentic hadith
Explanation
In this Hadīth, ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) tells about the Prophet's determination to expel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula so that there would not be two religions in the Peninsula and to keep it ever redolent of monotheism, with no trace of polytheism. That is because living near the disbelievers and socializing with them entail great evils, including the possibility of imitating them, admiring their beliefs, or assuming their mannerisms by the naive and gullible Muslims. Muslims must be distinguished and independent in their own homeland, and they should not mix with followers of the other religions. Hence, the Jews, Christians, Magi, and other disbelievers must be driven out of the Arabian Peninsula, which is exclusively for the Muslims. The Arabs are the first nation to receive the message of Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and their homeland is the place where revelation came down. Therefore, non-Muslims should never reside therein.
Reference
- صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، 1423 ه.ـ
- بلوغ المرام من أدلة الأحكام، لابن حجر، دار القبس للنشر والتوزيع، الرياض - المملكة العربية السعودية الطبعة: الأولى، 1435 هـ - 2014 م.
- تسهيل الإلمام بفقه الأحاديث من بلوغ المرام، تأليف: صالح بن فوزان بن عبد الله الفوزان، الطبعة: الأولى، 1427 هـ 2006 م.
- منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله الفوزان، دار ابن الجوزي ط1 1428هـ.
- فتح ذي الجلال والاكرام بشرح بلوغ المرام، للشيخ ابن عثيمين، المكتبة الإسلامية - الطبعة الأولى 1427.
- توضِيحُ الأحكَامِ مِن بُلوُغ المَرَام، للبسام، مكتَبة الأسدي، مكّة المكرّمة.الطبعة: الخامِسَة، 1423 هـ - 2003 م.
- مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح للقاري، دار الفكر، بيروت، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ.
- سبل السلام للصنعاني، نشر: دار الحديث.
- البدرُ التمام شرح بلوغ المرام، للمَغرِبي, ت: علي بن عبد الله الزبن, دار هجر, الطبعة: الأولى 1428 هـ.
- عون المعبود شرح سنن أبي داود، للعظيم آبادي، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت, الطبعة: الثانية، 1415 هـ.
- كشف المشكل من حديث الصحيحين، لابن الجوزي, المحقق: علي حسين البواب, الناشر: دار الوطن - الرياض.
- المفاتيح في شرح المصابيح، المؤلف: الحسين بن محمود مظهر الدين الزَّيْدَانيُّ الضَّريرُ الشِّيرازيُّ, ت: لجنة مختصة من المحققين بإشراف: نور الدين طالب, الناشر: دار النوادر، وهو من إصدارات إدارة الثقافة الإسلامية - وزارة الأوقاف الكويتية, الطبعة: الأولى، 1433 هـ.
- فتاوى اللجنة الدائمة - المجموعة الأولى، اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء، جمع وترتيب: أحمد بن عبد الرزاق الدويش.
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