الإنشقاق

إِذَا ٱلسَّمَآءُ ٱنشَقَّتْ ١

{ إذا السمآء انشقت }.

When the heaven is rent asunder,

وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا وَحُقَّتْ ٢

{ وأذنت } سمعت وأطاعت في الانشقاق { لربها وحقت } أي وحق لها أن تسمع وتطيع.

and heeds, gives ear to and, in rending itself asunder, obeys, its Lord as it should, that is, as its duty is to heed and obey,

وَإِذَا ٱلْأَرْضُ مُدَّتْ ٣

{ وإذا الأرض مدت } زيد في سعتها كما يمد الأديم ولم يبق عليها بناء ولا جبل.

and when the earth is stretched out, [when] its width is increased, just as a piece of leather is stretched, so that no edifice or mountain remains upon it,

وَأَلْقَتْ مَا فِيهَا وَتَخَلَّتْ ٤

{ وألقت ما فيها } من الموتى إلى ظاهرها { وتخلت } عنه.

and casts out all that is in it, of the dead, onto its surface, and empties itself, thereof,

وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا وَحُقَّتْ ٥

{ وأذنت } سمعت وأطاعت في ذلك { لربها وحقت } وذلك كله يكون يوم القيامة. وجواب «إذا» وما عطف عليها محذوف، دل عليه ما بعده تقديره لقي الإنسان عمله.

and heeds, [and] in this respect, gives ear to and obeys, its Lord, as it should: all of this will be on the Day of Resurrection (the response to idhā, ‘when’, and [to] all that is supplemented thereto, has been omitted; but it is indicated by what follows it, and is implied to be [something like] laqiya’l-insānu ‘amalahu, ‘man will encounter his deeds’).

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ إِنَّكَ كَادِحٌ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ كَدْحًا فَمُلَـٰقِيهِ ٦

{ يأيها الإنسن إنك كادح } جاهد في عملك { إلى } لقاء { ربك } وهو الموت { كدحا فملقيه } أي ملاق عملك المذكور من خير أو شر يوم القيامة.

O man! Verily you are labouring, exerting your efforts, toward, the encounter with, your Lord, that is, death, laboriously, and you will encounter it, that is, you will encounter your mentioned good or evil deeds on the Day of Resurrection.

فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ بِيَمِينِهِۦ ٧

{ فأما من أوتى كتبه } كتاب عمله { بيمينه } هو المؤمن.

Then as for him who is given his book, the record of his deeds, in his right hand — and this is the believer —

فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا ٨

{ فسوف يحاسب حسابا يسيرا } هو عرض عمله عليه كما في حديث الصحيحين وفيه

" من نوقش الحساب هلك "

وبعد العرض يتجاوز عنه.

he will receive an easy reckoning, which [simply] entails the presentation of his deeds to him, as in the hadīth of the two Sahīhs [of Bukhārī and Muslim] — in which there is also [a hadīth saying], ‘He who is reckoned with at length, will be destined for perdition’ — and after this presentation [of his deeds to the believer] he will be excused,

وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًا ٩

{ وينقلب إلى أهله } في الجنة { مسرورا } بذلك.

and return to his family, in Paradise, joyful, because of it.

وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ وَرَآءَ ظَهْرِهِۦ ١٠

{ وأما من أوتى كتبه ورآء ظهره } هو الكافر تغل يمناه إلى عنقه، وتخلع يسراه وراء ظهره فيأخذ بها كتابه.

But as for him who is given his book from behind his back — and this is the disbeliever, whose right hand is chained to his neck and whose left hand, by which he is given the book, is placed behind his back,

فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُوا۟ ثُبُورًا ١١

{ فسوف يدعوا } عند رؤيته ما فيه { ثبورا } ينادي هلاكه بقوله: يا ثبوراه.

he will pray, upon seeing what is in it, for annihilation, he will invoke destruction against himself by saying: yā thabūrāh, ‘O annihilation [of mine]!’,

وَيَصْلَىٰ سَعِيرًا ١٢

{ ويصلى سعيرا } يدخل النار الشديدة. وفي قراءة، بضم الياء وفتح الصاد واللام المشددة.

and he will enter the Blaze, an intense fire (a variant reading [for yaslā, ‘he will enter’] has yusallā, ‘he will be admitted’).