التغابن

يُسَبِّحُ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ لَهُ ٱلْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ ٱلْحَمْدُ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ١

{ يسبح لله ما فى السموت وما فى الأرض } أي ينزهه فاللام زائدة، وأتى ب «ما» دون «من» تغليبا للأكثر { له الملك وله الحمد وهو على كل شىء قدير }.

All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth glorifies God, [everything] proclaims His transcendence (the lām [of li’Llāhi] is extra; mā is used instead of min in order to indicate the predominance [of non-rational beings]). To Him belongs the Kingdom and to Him belongs [all] praise, and He has power over all things.

هُوَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَكُمْ فَمِنكُمْ كَافِرٌ وَمِنكُم مُّؤْمِنٌ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ ٢

{ هو الذى خلقكم فمنكم كافر ومنكم مؤمن } في أصل الخلقة ثم يميتكم ويعيدكم على ذلك { والله بما تعملون بصير }.

It is He Who created you. Then some of you are disbelievers and some of you are believers, in [terms of] your original disposition; then He makes you die and brings you back to life in that same [disposition]; and God is Seer of what you do.

خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَصَوَّرَكُمْ فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَكُمْ ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ ٣

{ خلق السموت والأرض بالحق وصوركم فأحسن صوركم } إذ جعل شكل الآدمي أحسن الأشكال { وإليه المصير }.

He created the heavens and the earth with the truth, and He shaped you and made your shapes excellent, for He made the human form to be the best of forms; and to Him is the journey’s end.

يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُسِرُّونَ وَمَا تُعْلِنُونَ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٤

{ يعلم ما فى السموت والأرض ويعلم ما تسرون وما تعلنون والله عليم بذات الصدور } بما فيها من الأسرار والمعتقدات.

He knows all that is in the heavens and the earth, and He knows what you hide and what you disclose, and God is Knower of what is in the breasts, in terms of the secrets and convictions they contain.

أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ نَبَؤُا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ فَذَاقُوا۟ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ ٥

{ ألم يأتكم } يا كفار مكة { نبؤا } خبر { الذين كفروا من قبل فذاقوا وبال أمرهم } عاقبة كفرهم في الدنيا { ولهم } في الآخرة { عذاب أليم } مؤلم؟.

Has there not come to you, O disbelievers of Mecca, the tidings, the story, of those who disbelieved before and thus tasted the evil consequences of their conduct?, [they tasted] the punishment for disbelief in this world. And there will be for them, in the Hereafter, a painful chastisement?

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُۥ كَانَت تَّأْتِيهِمْ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِ فَقَالُوٓا۟ أَبَشَرٌ يَهْدُونَنَا فَكَفَرُوا۟ وَتَوَلَّوا۟ ۚ وَّٱسْتَغْنَى ٱللَّهُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ ٦

{ ذلك } أي عذاب الدنيا { بأنه } ضمير الشأن { كانت تأتيهم رسلهم بالبينت } الحجج الظاهرات على الإيمان { فقالوا أبشر } أريد به الجنس { يهدوننا فكفروا وتولوا } عن الإيمان { واستغنى الله } عن إيمانهم { والله غنى } عن خلقه { حميد } محمود في أفعاله.

That, chastisement in this world, is because (bi-annahu contains the pronoun of the matter) their messengers used to bring them clear signs, manifest proofs for [the validity of] faith, but they said, ‘Shall [mere] humans (basharan is meant as generic) be our guides?’ So they disbelieved and turned away, from faith, and God was independent, [without need] of their faith. And God is Independent, [without need] of His creatures, Praised, praiseworthy in His actions.

زَعَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَن لَّن يُبْعَثُوا۟ ۚ قُلْ بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّى لَتُبْعَثُنَّ ثُمَّ لَتُنَبَّؤُنَّ بِمَا عَمِلْتُمْ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ ٧

{ زعم الذين كفروا أن } مخففة واسمها محذوف، أي أنهم { لن يبعثوا قل بلى وربى لتبعثن ثم لتنبؤن بما عملتم وذلك على الله يسير }.

Those who disbelieve claim that (an is softened, its subject having been omitted, that is to say, annahum) they will never be resurrected. Say: ‘Yes indeed, by my Lord! You will be resurrected; then you will be informed of what you did. And that is easy for God’.

فَـَٔامِنُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلنُّورِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلْنَا ۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ ٨

{ فئامنوا بالله ورسوله والنور } القرآن { الذى أنزلنا والله بما تعملون خبير }.

So believe in God and His Messenger and the Light, the Qur’ān, which We have revealed. And God is Aware of what you do.

يَوْمَ يَجْمَعُكُمْ لِيَوْمِ ٱلْجَمْعِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ يَوْمُ ٱلتَّغَابُنِ ۗ وَمَن يُؤْمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ وَيَعْمَلْ صَـٰلِحًا يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِۦ وَيُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّـٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ ٩

اذكر { يوم يجمعكم ليوم الجمع } يوم القيامة { ذلك يوم التغابن } يغبن المؤمنون الكافرين بأخذ منازلهم وأهليهم في الجنة لو آمنوا { ومن يؤمن بالله ويعمل صلحا يكفر عنه سيئته ويدخله } وفي قراءة (نكفر) و (ندخله) بالنون في الفعلين { جنت تجرى من تحتها الأنهر خلدين فيها أبدا ذلك الفوز العظيم }.

Mention, the day when He will gather you for the Day of Gathering, the Day of Resurrection, that will be the Day of Dispossession, [on which] the believers will dupe the disbelievers by occupying [what would have been] their places in Paradise, had they believed, as well as [appropriating] their [believing] spouses. And [as for] those who believe in God and act righteously, He will absolve them of their misdeeds and admit them into gardens underneath which rivers flow (a variant reading for both verbs has the first person plural) wherein they will abide. That is the supreme triumph.

وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ وَكَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَآ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۖ وَبِئْسَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ ١٠

{ والذين كفروا وكذبوا بئايتنا } القرآن { أولئك أصحب النار خلدين فيها وبئس المصير } هي.

And [as for] those who disbelieved and denied Our signs — the Qur’ān — those, they will be the inhabitants of the Fire, wherein they will abide. And [what] an evil journey’s end!, it is.

مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَمَن يُؤْمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُۥ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ١١

{ ما أصاب من مصيبة إلا بإذن الله } بقضائه { ومن يؤمن بالله } في قوله: إن المصيبة بقضائه { يهد قلبه } للصبر عليها { والله بكل شيء عليم }.

No affliction strikes except by the leave of God, by His decree. And whoever believes in God, in His saying that every affliction is by His decreeing [it], He will guide his heart, to endure it [patiently]. And God is Knower of all things.

وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱلرَّسُولَ ۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَىٰ رَسُولِنَا ٱلْبَلَـٰغُ ٱلْمُبِينُ ١٢

{ وأطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول فإن توليتم فإنما على رسولنا البلغ المبين } البين.

And obey God and obey the Messenger; but if you turn away, then the Messenger’s duty is only to communicate [the Message] clearly.